Ukuqonda i-phosphate, magnesis phesphate, kunye ne-phosphate eyimfuneko ye-phosphate: isikhokelo esibanzi

Hlukana kwihlabathi le iphosphate, izimbiwa ezibalulekileyo, kunye neeminwe zayo ezibalulekileyo magnesis phosphate kwaye ezahlukeneyo Ii-phosts ze phosphate. Eli nqaku lichonga iindima zabo ezisisiseko kwimizimba yethu, ukusetyenziswa kwawo kwimizi-mveliso, kwaye kutheni ukuqonda ezi zinto zibaluleke kakhulu impilo, ezolimo kunye netekhnoloji. Kufanelekile ukuba ufunde ukuqonda impembelelo engqongqo ye iphosphate Kubomi bemihla ngemihla kunye nemimandla emininzi yenzululwazi, ukusuka kwi-biology esisiseko kwiNzululwazi yeZinto eziPhezulu. Siza kutyhila ikhemistri, ukubaluleka kwendalo, kunye nezixhobo ezisebenzayo zezi zikhomputer.

Yintoni kanye kanye yi-phosphate kwaye kutheni ibaluleke kangaka?

Iphosphate yindawo yendalo yendalo, i-surpicle (ion) equkethe i-phosphorus ye phosphorus. Ngokukodwa, yi-anaion, i-polyatotomic ion, okanye a ityiwa ye-phosphoric acid. Kwi-chemistry, uyakuhlala uyibona ifanelwe njenge pot. Eli candelo lincinci lidlala indima enkulu kuzo zonke iintlobo zobomi! Yicinge njengebhloko yesiseko esisiseko. I-Inorgate phosphate (ihlala ifinyezwe njenge-PI) ibaluleke kakhulu kugqithiselo lwamandla kwiiseli. I-Adenosine Trihosphate (ATP), imali ephambili yeseli yeseli, iqulethe ezintathu Amaqela ephosphatele. Xa enye yezi Amaqela ephosphatele iqhekezwe, amandla akhutshwa, ankcenkceshele yonke into evela kwi-Irve kwi-nerve impembelelo.

Ukubaluleka kwe iphosphate idlulele kwi-blowrint yobomi. Yenza i-backnene ye-DNA kunye ne-RNA, iimolekyuli eziphethe ulwazi lwemfuzo. Ngaphandle iphosphateEzi zinto zibalulekileyo azinakubakho. Ngapha koko, iphosphate yinxalenye ephambili ye-membrane yeseli, ukunceda ukugcina ulwakhiwo lwabo kunye nomsebenzi wabo. I Ukuphakanyiswa kwe-phosphate ye-phosphate yinkqubo elawulwa ngokuqinileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iiseli zine isixa sephosphate Bafuna ngaphandle kokuqokelelwa kakhulu. I Indima ye-phosphate Isekwe kakhulu ngobomi njengoko sisazi ukuba kuya kuba yinto engenakwenzeka ngaphandle kokunikezelwa okwaneleyo kwezi mineral. Ubukho balo bubalulekile ekukhuleni, ulondolozo, kunye nokulungiswa kuzo zonke izicubu zomzimba.

Ngaphaya kwendima yayo yebhayoloji, iphosphate Imigqaliselo ifunyanwa kakhulu ematyeni kunye neeminerali. Ezi gefulogical Idiski ngowona mthombo uphambili kwi-phosphorus esetyenziselwa izichumisi, ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezolimo zangoku Yandisa i-phosphate Umxholo emhlabeni, ngaloo ndlela ukoyisa izivuno zesityalo. Ukusetyenziswa kwe iphosphate kuthetha ukubandakanyeka ekuphenduleni kweekhemikhali ezingenakubalwa kunye neenkqubo zemveliso. Ukusuka kunyango lwamanzi ukuya kwizongezo zokutya, iphosphate Kwaye izinto eziguqukayo ziphi na, zihlala zisebenza ngokuthe cwaka kwimvelaphi yokuphucula ubomi bethu. Ukuqonda iphosphate Ukuqonda imbombo zombini kuzo zombini ibhayoloji kunye nemveliso.

Ilizwe elibangela umdla le-phosphate ye-phosphate ye-phosphate: Yintoni?

A ityiwa, kwi chemistry, yi-ionic ye-ionic ebangelwa kukungathathi cala kwi-acid kunye nesiseko. Ii-phosts ze phosphate zichaneke ezo zityu ziqukethe i iphosphate I-ion (PO₄³⁻). Kuba iphosphate I-ion inesidlelo esiyi -3, inokudibanisa kunye, ezimbini, ezimbini, okanye ezintathu ze-Ions (iikati) zokwenza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeetyiwa. Umzekelo, kunye isodium (Na⁺), inokwenza i-monosodium iphosphate (Nah₂po₄), I-Dismodium phosphate (Na₂hpo₄), kwaye I-Trisodium phosphate (Na₃po₄). Nganye ye_ kwezi I-Sodium phosphate Iikhomputha zinezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa.

Ii-phosts ze phosphate ziyahluka kakhulu. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ezizezo Ii-phosts ze phosphate kubandakanya isodium, i-potassium, I-calcium, kunye ne-magnesium. Ungadibana namagama anje i-potassium phosphate (enokubakho njenge monopotassium iphosphate, I-Dipotasphatium phosphate, okanye tripotassium iphosphate), I-calcium phosphate (Icandelo eliphambili lamathambo kunye namazinyo, kubandakanya neefom ezinje I-Diccium phosphate kwaye I-Tricacium phosphate), kwaye kunjalo, magnesis phosphate. Ezi Iityuwa zihlala ifunyenwe kwindalo kwaye ikwakhethelwe uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Iipropathi ezithile ze Ityiwa ye-phosphate Kuxhomekeka kwi-cution (s) idityaniswe nenani leekati.

Ukusebenzisa Ii-phosts ze phosphate iziqu ezivela kwiimpawu zazo zemichiza ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye zinyibilika kakhulu emanzini, ngelixa ezinye zinqabile. Banokusebenza njengearhente ezibukhali, ukunceda ukugcina i-PH i-ph kwi Isisombululo se-phosphate. Kwishishini lokutya, ezithile Ii-phosts ze phosphate zisetyenziswa njenge-enulsifiers, i-sequestrars (ukubopha ii-ion zentsimbi), okanye iiarhente ezibi. Njengokuba, Sodium hexmametaphotele yindawo yokutshintsha Ityiwa ye-phosphate isetyenziswe ngokwahlukeneyo Iinkqubo zokutya. Amandla e iphosphate ukwenza ezi zita Ii-phosts ze phosphate Ngeempawu ezahlukeneyo zenza ukuba babe nakho ukuba zibaluleke kakhulu kwi-chemistry, zebhayoloji, kunye nemveliso.

I-magnesis phosphate engavenjwanga: Ukujonga kufutshane le ityiwa

Magnesis phosphate ibhekisa kwiqela le Ii-phosts ze phosphate iqulethe zombini i-magnesium (Mg²⁺) kwaye iphosphate (Po₄³⁻) I-IYO. Ayikho i-comphound enye enye ebizwa ngokuba yi "Ignesis phesphate"; Endaweni yoko, yintsapho yamakhonkco. Ezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo zibandakanya i-dimgnesium iphosphate (Mghpo₄), ihlala ifumaneka ngamanzi ahlukeneyo omhlaza, kwaye I-Trimognesium phosphate (Mg₃ (PO₄) ₂). Mag phos ifunyenwe Kwiiminerali, iinkqubo zebhayoloji, kwaye zenziwa ngokusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ifom nganye ineempawu ezizodwa kunye nezicelo.

Ezi magnesis phosphate Iikhomputha ngokubanzi zimhlophe, i-ododds. Ukufatya kwabo emanzini kuyahluka; umzekelo, I-Trimognesium phosphate Ngaba i-insuncy enganyibilikiyo emanzini kodwa inyibilikiswe nge-dilute acids. Le ndawo ibalulekile kwizicelo zayo, ezinje ngokusetyenziswa kwayo njengesongezo lokutya apho kunokusebenza khona njengearhente yokuntywila, ukongeza kwesondlo, okanye uMlawuli we-PHRE. Njengomthombo we-magnesium kunye iphosphate, inokuba negalelo ekutyibilikeni kwezimbiwa ezibalulekileyo. Ukuqonda uhlobo oluthile lwe magnesis phosphate Kubalulekile ukuba iipropathi zabo kunye neendima zinokwahluka kakhulu. Umzekelo, ikhemikhali ye-kbos ibonelela ngomgangatho omkhulu I-Trimagling Visphate, exabiso ngokucoceka kwayo kunye nokungaguquguquki kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.

Kwimeko yempilo, magnesis phosphate ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswa kwizongezelelo okanye unyango lwe-coopathic, nangona ubungqina bezenzululwazi bungafani. Ngokwenyani, magnesium kunye iphosphate zozibini izinto ezibalulekileyo ze-intracelling. I-magnesium yinto yokwenza i-enzymes ezininzi, ngakumbi ezo zibandakanyekayo kwi-ATP Metabolism (ethi, njengoko sisazi, kubandakanya iphosphate). Ke ngoko, interplay phakathi I-magnesium kunye ne-phosphate ibalulekile kwinqanaba leselula. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze I-magnesis phosphate iityuwa qinisekisa ukubambisa ukuba iphosphate ekwakheni amakhonkco kunye nezimbiwa ezibalulekileyo.

Ngaba umzimba wethu uphatha njani iphosphate? Uhambo lwe-phosphate ye-phosphate

Imizimba yethu ihleli ngokumangalisayo kulawulo amanqanaba ephosphatele. Uhambo lwe iphosphate iqala ngokungenayo. Ukutya phosphate Ininzi ngokutya ezininzi, kubandakanya neemveliso zobisi, inyama, amantongomane, kunye nezihlalo zizonke. Malunga ne-60-70% ye I-phosphate ifakwe ngokuyintloko kumathumbu amancinci. Le i-phosstinal phosphete yinkqubo esebenzayo, intsingiselo ifuna amandla, kwaye inokwenzeka nokuba yeyokuxhomekeka kuxinzelelo lwe iphosphate kwi-gut. IVitamin D idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwandiseni Ukuthathwa kweCastcium kwaye ikwaphembelela I-phosphate yokufundwa.

Wake wangenelwa, iphosphate Ngena igazi legazi kwaye usasazwa kuwo wonke umzimba. Uninzi lomzimba iphosphate (malunga ne-85%) igcinwe emathanjeni kunye namazinyo, i-strongs kunye ne-calcium njenge I-calcium phosphate Iityuwa njenge-hydroxyatite. Okushiyekile iphosphate ifumaneka kwizicubu ezithambileyo kunye nolwelo lwe-overcelling. Izintso ziziimilawuli eziphambili ze iphosphate Ibhalansi emzimbeni. Bacoca iphosphate egazini, kwaye ke inxenye ebalulekileyo yale mali icocekile I-phosphate iphinde yenziwa Buyela kwigazi kwigazi kwi-tubule ye-renal. I isixa sephosphate Ukuphinda kuhlelwe ngokutsha kulawulwa ngokuqinileyo yihormones, ikakhulu ye-parathyroid hormone (PTE) kunye ne-fibroblast factor 23 (FGF23). I-PTE ngokubanzi iyancipha I-phosphate phosphate Ukuphindaphindeka kwakhona, okukhokelela kwinyuke I-phosphate disotion, ngelixa i-FGF23 ikwakhuthaza I-phosphate disotion.

Ukugcinwa kwezinzile amanqanaba ephosphatele ibalulekile. Ukuphambuka kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo. Umzekelo, a Ukuhla kwe-serum phosphate Apha ngezantsi amanqanaba aqhelekileyo abizwa ngokuba yi-hypophosphatia, ngelixa amanqanaba aphezulu yi-hyperphosphatia. Umzimba ulawula iphosphate nge Ukutshintsha kwe-phosphate, phi I-phosphate ion hamba phakathi kweendawo ze-intracellillar kunye ne-overcelliarl. Oku kunokuphenjelelwa zizinto ezinje ngoPH kunye ne-insulin. Interplay enobunzima Ukuthathwa kwe-phosphate ye-phosphate, usasazo, kwaye I-phosphate phosphate ukuphatha ngokuqinisekisa ukuba I-Phosphate yeselula Iimfuno ziyafezekiswa ngelixa kuthintela ukuqokelelwa okuyingozi. Iindlela ezichanekileyo ze I-phebulate phosphate Ezothutho kunye nendlela iimeko ezikhokelela ngayo I-phosphate inkcitho zintsonkothile, zihlala zineenkcukacha kuncwadi lwenzululwazi kunye nezixhobo apho zihambelana khona Izihloko zenzululwazi baphononongwa ngabaphandi.

Yeyiphi imiqondiso kunye nomngcipheko wokunqongophala kwephosphate?

I-phosphate ukunqongophala, ngokombindi njengoHypophosphatia, kwenzeka xa kukho into engaqhelekanga I-Serum ephantsi phosphate amanqanaba egazini. Ngelixa thambile I-phosphate ukunqongophala isenokungabizi iimpawu ezibonakalayo, ezilinganiselweyo ukunqongophala inokuba nemiphumo yempilo ebalulekileyo. Iimpawu zinokuba yingozi kuba iphosphate ibalulekile kwimisebenzi emininzi yomzimba. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya ubuthathaka bemisipha (njengoko iphosphate ibalulekile kwimveliso ye-ATP, amandla e-Insultion yeMsipha), ithambo lethambo okanye iqhekeza (ngenxa yokuqheliswa kwethambo le-bone, njengoko I-calcium kunye ne-phosphate zizinto eziphambili zethambo), kunye nokudinwa.

Ezinye iimpawu zinokubandakanya inkqubo ye-nerusus, ekhokelela ekudidekeni, ukucaphukisa, ukuhlutha, okanye i-combo kwiimeko ezinzima. Ukusilela kokuphefumla kunokwenzeka ngenxa yobuthathaka bemisipha yedayaphragm. Kunokubakho nemicimbi yentliziyo efana ne-celathmias. Inkqantosi I-phosphate ukunqongophala Inokukhokelela kwiRhambdomyssissis Itotali yomzimba i-phosphate yimeko enzulu efuna ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo kwezonyango. I umngcipheko ye I-phosphate ukunqongophala iphezulu kubantu abathile, njengababantu abangondlekanga, abanotywala, abaguli abatshisa kakhulu, okanye abo banemiqathango abakhulayo I-phosphate disotion njenge-fanconi syndrome okanye i-hyperparathyrodism.

Oonobangela I-phosphate ukunqongophala inokuhlelwa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezintathu eziphambili:

1. Inciphise i-Interstinal ye-phosstinate ye-phosstinate ye-phosphate: Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yehlwempu I-phosphate yokutya (E.G., indlala, i-syndsorption syndromes njengesifo se-celiac), okanye ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe I-phosphate binders (amayeza aBonelayo iphosphate Kwi-gut, ukuthintela ukufunxa, rhoqo kusetyenziswa izigulana zesifo sezintso ukuze zilawule Amanqanaba ePisphatele).
2. Ukunyuka kwe-phosphate Izintso zinokukhuthazeka I-phosphate enkulu. Oku kunokubangelwa kukungalingani kwe-Hormonial (E.G., i-Hyperparathyroidism), ukuphazamiseka kwemfuza echaphazela I-phosphate phosphate ukuphindaphinda kwakhona, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwe-suretics ethile. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kubizwa ngokuba I-phosphate inkcitho.
3. Ukutshintsha kwe-phosphate: Iphosphate inokusuka kwigazi kwiiseli, ezikhokelela kwithutyana Ukuhla kwe-serum phosphate. Le Ukutshintsha kwe-phosphate ingabangelwa yi-syferome i-syndrome (kwizigulana ezingabondliyo), isifo sokuphefumla, okanye i-insulin okanye i-glucose, ezivuselelayo Ukuphakanyiswa kwe-phosphate ye-phosphate. Ukulungisa A I-phosphate ukunqongophala ihlala ibandakanya I-phosphate yomlomo okanye, kwiimeko ezinzima, I-Intravenous phosphate ukutshintshwa.

Ukuthatha i-magnesium: Inxibelelana njani namanqanaba e-phosphatele emzimbeni?

I-magnesium kunye iphosphate Zimbini ezona mzimbeni zininzi, kwaye iimetabols zabo zidityaniswe ngendlela eqinisekileyo, nangona inguqulelo ethe ngqo echaphazela amanqanaba eminye ye-serum ayibhengezwa njengoko, umzekelo, I-calcium kunye ne-phosphate. Nangona kunjalo, babelana ngeendlela ezithile eziqhelekileyo zokulawula kunye neendima zomzimba. Ukuthatha i-magnesium Izongezo okanye ukuba namanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-magnesium anokuphembelela ngokungathanga ngqo okanye ukunxulunyaniswa notshintsho kwi iphosphate Ibhalansi, ngakumbi ngaphakathi kwiiseli nakwiimeko ezithile zeklinikhi. Zombini I-magnesium kunye ne-phosphate Ibalulekile ekuvenisweni kwamandla (i-ATP metabolism), i-nucleic acid synthesis, kunye nokugcina I-selmmnene ingqibelelo.

Ibalulekile I-Magnesium inyameko ngamanye amaxesha inokuphunyezwa kunye nokuphazamiseka kwezinye ii-electrolytes, kubandakanya i-potassium kunye ne-calcium, kwaye inokuba nefuthe iphosphate I-Homeostas ngokungathanga ngqo. Umzekelo, kakhulu I-Magnesium inyameko Ingaphazamisa i-parathyroid hormone (i-PT) ye-Ph) okanye ibangele i-Pth, eyachaphazela I-phosphate disotion kwaye I-calcium kunye ne-phosphate imetabolism. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuthatha i-magnesium Ngeedosi ezicetyiswayo ayibangeli ngokuthe ngqo i-shifs enkulu kwi-serum amanqanaba ephosphatele Uninzi lwabantu abanempilo. Umzimba uneendlela ezinamandla zokulawula zombini amanqanaba ephosphatele kunye namanqanaba e-magnesium ngokuzimeleyo ukuya kwinqanaba elikhulu.

Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iifom zezongezo zeMagnesium. Ezinye izinto ze-magnesium, njenge I-magnesium firrate okanye I-Magnesium Oxide, ngokuyintloko unike i-magnesium. Ezinye iziqhobosiweyo, njenge magnesis phosphate ngokwayo, iya kuba negalelo kwi-magnesium kwaye iphosphate emzimbeni. Xa ujonga phosphorus kunye ne-magnesium Ukudibana, kuhlala kwinqanaba leselula okanye kwizifo ezithile (njengesifo sezintso apho kuya kubakho khona khona ukulawula) kunokuba sibe nefuthe elithe ngqo ukuthatha i-magnesium kwi amanqanaba ephosphatele. Umzekelo, zombini ziphinde ziphinde ziphinde ziphinde zifundwe i-tubules, kwaye ukuphazamiseka okukhulu emsebenzini wesintso kunokuchaphazela ukuphathwa kweeminerali. Ngokubanzi, ukuthambisa okulingeneyo kwazo zonke iiminerali, kubandakanya I-magnesium kunye ne-phosphate, iphambili kwimpilo efanelekileyo.

Ngaphaya kwebhayoloji: Ugcino lwemizi-mveliso ebanzi ye-phosphate kunye neetyuwa zayo

Ngelixa i-biologiz Indima ye-phosphate yeyona nto iphambili, ukuqhelisela izikhephu iphosphate kwaye ezahlukeneyo Ii-phosts ze phosphate Ukungabonakali kwisithuba semizi-mveliso. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwezolimo. Iphosphate yinxalenye ephambili yezichumisi, ihlala ineefom ezifana I-Ammonium phosphate (E.G., uMonammon iphosphate, Diammoium iphosphate) okanye i-superfosphate. Ezi mpazamo zibonelela nge-phosphorus ebalulekileyo kwizityalo, ukukhuthaza ukuphuculwa kweengcambu, indlela yembewu, kunye nesityalo sezityalo. Ngaphandle iphosphate-Ukuchunywa kwezichumisi, ukuveliswa kokutya komhlaba kuya kuba phantsi kakhulu.

Ishishini lokutya lisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo Ii-phosts ze phosphate ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Benza njengo:

• Iiarhente ezibukhali: Ukulawula iAcidity kunye ne-alkalinity (E.G., I-ShoodoIum hydrogen phosphate).
• I-Emosifiers: Ukuzinzisa umxube weoyile kunye namanzi, obuqhelekileyo kwizitshisi kunye nenyama.
• I-Sequestrars: Ukubopha ii-ion zentsimbi ezinokubangela i-spoilage okanye i-discolotion.
• Iiarhente zenyama: Ngokukhwela iipowders, uphendula ukuvelisa i-carbon diokside kwaye wenze iimpahla ezibhakiweyo (E.G., isodium acid pyrophosphate).
• I-RETURINGERS: Kwimidlalo egqityiweyo yokuphucula ukuthungwa kunye nobuhlungu (E.G., I-sodium tripolypphosphate).
• Isongezelelo sesondlo: Ukomeleza ukutya nge-phosphorus (E.G., I-calcium phosphate).
  Ikhemikhali ye-Kands, umzekelo, ibonelela ngebanga elahlukileyo lokutya Ii-phosts ze phosphate njenge I-Dipotasphatium phosphate, eyaziwa ngendima yayo ekuzinziseni iimveliso zobisi kunye nezondlo.

Ngaphandle kokutya nezolimo, iphosphate Iikhomputha zibalulekile nakwamanye amacandelo. I-Trisodium phosphate yayiyimbali yeziqwengana kunye neearhente zokucoca ngokwamandla ayo athambileyo kwaye zisuse igrisi, nangona inkxalabo yendalo esingqongileyo iphosphate I-Ruoff ekhokelela kwi-eutrophids ikhokelele ekusebenziseni kwezinye iindawo. IphosphateIzinto ezisetyenzisiweyo isetyenziswe kwimveliso I-Remoeary barestants, iimveliso zamazinyo (njenge I-Diccium phosphate Kwizinyo lamazinyo), kunye nonyango lwamanzi ukhusela i-corrosion kunye nokwenziwa kwesikali. Ezithile iphosphate Iikhawuntari ezifana I-Aluminium phosphate okanye I-Ferric phosphate inokusetyenziswa njenge-catalysts okanye kwizicelo ezikhethekileyo. Uluhlu olubanzi lwe Ii-phosts ze phosphate, kubandakanya magnesis phosphate, i-potassium phosphate, kwaye ezahlukeneyo I-Sodium phosphate Iindidi, nganye ineepropathi ezahlukileyo, ibenza basimisele iinkqubo ezininzi zemisebenzi kunye neemveliso.

Ngaba i-phosphate kakhulu inokwenzeka? Ukuqonda amanqanaba ephosphatele

Ewe, nayo I-phosphate enkulu Emzimbeni, imeko eyaziwa ngokuba yi-hyperphosphatia, inokwenzeka ngokwenene inokuba yingozi. Ngelixa iphosphate ibalulekile, Amanqanaba ePisphatele inokuphazamisa i-mineccoral ye-minecral emdaka kwaye ikhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo ezinzulu. Enye yezinto eziphambili ezixhalabisayo nge-hrafrical ephakanyisiweyo iphosphate kukunxibelelana kwayo ne-calcium. Nini amanqanaba ephosphatele ziphezulu, iphosphate inokubopha nge-calcium egazini, iyenza I-calcium kunye neetyuwa ze-phosphate. Ezi mpahla zingafunekiyo zinokubekwa kwizicubu ezithambileyo kuwo wonke umzimba, inkqubo ibizwa Ubuchule obuthambileyo.

Le Ubuchule obuthambileyo Inokwenzeka kwimithambo yegazi (igalelo kwi-Atherosclerosis kwaye yandisa i umngcipheko Isifo seentliziyo), ukudibanisa (kubangela intlungu kunye nokuqina), ulusu (olukhokelela kwizilonda ze-ITchy), kunye negangs zangaphakathi ezifana nomsebenzi wawo. Amanqanaba aphezulu ephosphate Kukukodwa ukuba inkxalabo yabantu abanezifo zesifo esinganyangekiyo (ckd). Izintso ezisempilweni zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi I-phosphate disotion, Ke xa umsebenzi wesifo wehla, iphosphate banokuqokelela egazini. Kungenxa yoko le nto izigulana ze-CKD zihlala zifuna ukulandela ukuthobeka-iphosphate Ukutya kwaye kungamiselwa I-phosphate binders ukunciphisa Ukuthathwa kwe-phosphate ye-phosphate.

Ngaphaya Ubuchule obuthambileyo, I-phosphate ephezulu Ingakhuthaza amadlala eParathyroid ukukhulula ngakumbi i-parathyroid ye-parathyroid (PT). I-PT ephakanyisiweyo iphakame ikhokelela kwi-rean osteodystrophystsystsy, isifo sethambo esibonakaliswa yi-Abnormal Bone Prenover kunye neMinerali, ukwenza amathambo abuthathaka kwaye athambekele ngakumbi kwifrafti. Ngelixa i-abletphosphasphastia inokubangela iimpawu ezinjengeeramusi, i-titani, kunye ne-tetani, i-tetany, i-hyperphosphatia ihamba i-asymptomatic kude kube ngathi kubuchwephesha. Ke ngoko, ukubeka esweni nokulawula amanqanaba ephosphatele, ngakumbi kwimingcipheko esemngciphekweni, kubalulekile ukuthintela imiba yempilo yexesha elide. I isixa sephosphate Ekutyeni kufuna ukuqwalaselwa ngononophelo kwabo bantu.

Ikhonkco elibalulekileyo phakathi kwe-calcium kunye ne-phosphate: ibhalansi ecekeceke

Ubudlelwane phakathi I-calcium kunye ne-phosphate Emzimbeni yenye yezona ntsebenziswano zibaluleke kakhulu kwaye zilawulwa ngokuqinileyo. Ezi minerali zimbini zizinto eziphambili zamathambo kunye namazinyo, zenza isakhiwo se-crystalline ebizwa ngokuba yi-hydroxyapatite, ethi ikhuphe amandla awo kunye nobungqola. Malunga ne-85% yomzimba iphosphate Kwaye i-99% ye-calcium yayo igcinwe kwi-skeleton, ibalaselise ukuxhomekeka kwabo kwimpilo yethambo. Ukugcina isita I-calcium kunye ne-phosphate Imveliso (imveliso yemathematics yengcinezelo yazo egazini) ibalulekile ukuthintela ukubekwa kwemali engaqhelekanga I-calcium phosts phostsphate kwizicubu ezithambileyo.

Amanqanaba e I-calcium kunye ne-phosphate Egazini lilawulwa ngokuphindaphindwa yihomoni eliqela, ngokuyintloko i-hormone hormone (PTE), iVitamin D, kunye ne-fibroblast factor yokukhula 23 (FGF23). Umzekelo:

• I-PTE: Xa i-calcium yegazi iphantsi, ikhutshiwe. Iyonyusa i-calcium rectorpvy kwi-Kisneys, ivuselela i-vitamin d isebenze Ukuthathwa kweCastcium kwaye I-phosphate yokufundwa), kwaye ikhuthaza ukukhutshwa kwe I-calcium kunye ne-phosphate ukusuka kumathambo. Into ebangela umdla, i-PT iyanda I-phosphate disotion Ngezintso, ezinceda ukukhusela Amanqanaba ePisphatele Xa i-calcium idityanisiwe kwithambo.
• I-Vitamin D: I-Vitamin D (Calculatriol) yonyusa ukufunxa zombini I-calcium kunye ne-phosphate kumathumbu.
• Fgf23: Le hormone ikhutshwa ikakhulu ziiseli zethambo xa ziphendula phezulu amanqanaba ephosphatele. I-FGF23 Izenzo kwiintsomi zokunyusa I-phosphate disotion kwaye inciphise imveliso yeVitamin D, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa i-phosstinal phosphete.

Ukuphazamiseka kule ngxelo icekeceke phakathi I-calcium kunye ne-phosphate inokukhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ukuba amanqanaba ephosphatele yiba phezulu kakhulu (hyperphosphatia), inokukhokelela ekunciphiseni kwegazi calcium (hypocalcemia) njenge iphosphate Ukubopha nge-calcium. Ngokuchaseneyo, iphantsi iphosphate (i-hypophosphatia) ngamanye amaxesha inokunxulunyaniswa ne-calcium ephezulu (i-hypercalcemia) phantsi kweemeko ezithile, nangona ubudlelwane lunzima. Iinkqubo zehomoni yehomoni yehomoni ye-onrical isebenza ngokungakhathali ukugcina I-phosphate kunye ne-calcium Ngaphakathi kwi-ranges yabo elungileyo, ukuqinisekisa ithambo elifanelekileyo impilo kunye nokuthintela ingozi Ubuchule obuthambileyo. Ukuqonda eli khonkco kubalulekile kulawulo lweemeko ezinjengesifo sezintso, ukuphazamiseka kwethambo, kunye ne-parathyroid gland dland.

Ukufunwa kunye nokuqonda ii-phosphate computers: Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi

Xa ukhunjulwa iphosphate Iikhawuntari ezifana magnesis phosphate, I-Sodium phosphate, okanye i-potassium phosphate, izinto ezininzi zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ufumana izixhobo ezisemgangathweni eziphezulu, ezifanelekileyo kwisicelo sakho esithile, nokuba yimveliso yokutya, iinkqubo zokumiswa, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwelebhu. Ubunyulu be Ityiwa ye-phosphate yinto enkulu. Ukungcola kunokuchaphazela ukwenziwa kwemveliso, kwazisa ukuphendula okungafunekiyo, okanye nokuba yingozi xa iqula lenzelwe ukutya okanye ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo zamayeza. Abathengisi abadumileyo baya kubonelela ngesatifikethi sohlalutyo (i-COA) I-phosphate yomxholo, amanqanaba okungcola, kunye neempawu zomzimba.

Ukuqonda inqanaba elithile le iphosphate I-complet ikwabalulekile. Ibakala lezixhobo zeBanga, iBakala lokutya (i-E.G., FCC-Codes Codex), kunye neBanga leZikhephe (E.G., i-E.G. Umzekelo, ukuba ufuna I-Dismodium phosphate ngokusetyenziswa ngaphakathi Iinkqubo zokutya, kufuneka ifezekise ingcaciso yebambano yokutya kokutya. Ngokufanayo, iikhemikhali ezinje I-Ammonium ye-Ilmonium, nokuba ayikho iphosphate, banamabakala ahlukeneyo kwezolimo ngokuchasene nolwaziso lobuchwephesha.

Okokugqibela, qwalasela ukuthembeka komthengisi, ukungangqinelani kumgangatho wemveliso, kunye nokuqonda kwabo izixhobo abazibonelelayo. Umboneleli onobuchule unokunikezela isikhokelo kwinto efanelekileyo I-phosphate esekwe Imveliso yeemfuno zakho, nokuba kunjalo I-Dihydrogen phosphate, I-Monohydrogen phosphate, I-Inorgate phosphate izisombululo, okanye ubunzima Ii-phosts ze phosphate njenge sodium hexmametaphotele. Kuyabonakala ukuba babonakale ngeenkqubo zabo zokwenza kunye namanyathelo olawulo esemgangathweni. Amashishini afuna ukuhanjiswa kweekhemithi okungaguqukiyo kunye nokuthenjwa, ukusebenzisana nomvelisi onamava onjenge-kabos kuqinisekisa ukufikelela kuluhlu olubanzi lwe iphosphate iimveliso ezihlangabezana nemigangatho ephezulu. Oku kubalulekile kuba iyahluka kwi isixa sephosphate okanye ubukho beengcongconi kwi Isisombululo se-phosphate okanye oqinileyo unokuyichaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wokuphela kwemveliso kunye nokhuseleko. Nokuba kunjalo I-Diccium phosphate Ukutya kwezilwanyana okanye okhethekileyo iityiwa Kwisitshixo, ukufunyanwa komgangatho sisitshixo.

I-prosays eziphambili kwi-phosphate kunye neetyuwa zephosphate:

• I-phosphate (po₄³⁻) I-ion ebalulekileyo ebomini, idlala indima ephambili kumandla (i-ATP), iDNA / iRNA / iRNA kunye ne-membranes zeseli.
• Ii-phosts ze phosphate zikhomputha ezenziweyo iphosphate ii-ions nge-creng njengayo isodium, i-potassium, I-calcium, kunye ne-magnesium. Imizekelo ibandakanya I-Sodium phosphate, i-potassium phosphate, kwaye magnesis phosphate.
• Magnesis phosphate (E.G., I-Trimognesium phosphate) yi ityiwa ibalulekile kwisondlo kunye nezicelo ezahlukeneyo zeshishini.
• Umzimba uqinile amanqanaba ephosphatele ngokusebenzisa i-asstinal yokufunxa, ukugcinwa kwethambo, kwaye I-phosphate phosphate Ukuncwina, kuphenjelelwa yihormoni njenge-Pth kunye neVitamin D.
• I-phosphate ukunqongophala (I-Hypophosphatia) inokubangela ubuthathaka bemisipha, iintlungu zethambo, imiba ye-neurologing, ekhokelela kwixhoba elihlwempuzekileyo, inyuke I-phosphate disotion, okanye Ukutshintsha kwe-phosphate.
• I-magnesium kunye ne-phosphate ziziiminerals ezibalulekileyo ze-intracelling; ibalulekile I-Magnesium inyameko inokuchaphazela ngokungathanga ngqo iphosphate i-homeostassis.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso ye iphosphate kwaye yayo iityuwa zinzulu, kubandakanya izichumisi (umzekelo., I-Ammonium phosphate), izongezelelo zokutya (E.G., ukulungisa i-PH, ukufundisa, okanye njengesondlo I-calcium phosphate), kunye nezicoci.
• Amanqanaba ePisphatele (hyperphosphatia) kunokuba yingozi, ekhokelela kwi Ubuchule obuthambileyo Iingxaki zethambo, ngakumbi kwisifo sezintso. Ulawulo lubandakanya ukutya kunye I-phosphate binders.
• Ibhalansi phakathi I-calcium kunye ne-phosphate Ibalulekile kwimpilo yethambo kwaye ithintele ukubalwa, ilawulwa yi-PTE, iVitamin D, neFGF23.
• Xa ukhunjulwa iphosphate Imifanekiso, Cinga ngococeko, iBanga (iBanga (ukutya, ishishini), kunye nokuthenjwa kwabaxhasi. Ukuqonda okhethekileyo I-phosphate yomxholo kunye neempawu zibalulekile.