Njengomnini-mveliso apha e-China owodwa kwimveliso yemichiza, ndichithe iminyaka igqibezela i-synthesis ye-inrganic. Igama lam li-Allen, nakwiikhemikhali ze-kbos, siyaqonda ukuba iingcali zempahla ezinjengawe-mhlawumbi zijonge ukufumana izithako ezinokuthenjwa zomthombo wentengiso yase-US-umgangatho kunye nokungaguquguquki yiyo yonke into. Namhlanje, ndifuna ukuthetha ngokulandelelana imveliso Leyo lilitye lembombo kumashishini asusela ekutyeni ukuya kwi-chirmuceuticals: I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate.
Ungayazi njenge I-Calcium Calcium phosphate phosphate, okanye ndibone ikhowudi Cahpo4 2h2o kwiphepha elichaziweyo. Nokuba ngubani igama, i ixabiso Kule nto ayinakuphela. Thina yongeza Kumazinyo, isidlo sakusasa, kunye nokutya kwezilwanyana. Ukuqonda i ukwenziwa kwaye ukwakhiwa Kule nto kubalulekile ekwenzeni izigqibo zokuthenga. Eli nqaku likufanelekile ukuba lifundwe kuba siya kuqalisa iJargon entsonkothileyo kwaye ujonge izicelo ezisebenzayo kunye nezinto zekhemikhali zale nto zibalulekileyo I-phosphate dihydrate. Siza kuphonononga ukuba kutheni kukhethwa Umthombo we-calcium kunye ne-phosphorus, Hayi indlela eziziphatha ngayo amanzi, kwaye kutheni ibalulekile kwi-chain yakho yoNcedo.
Yeyiphi le mveliso yekhemikhali kwaye ichazwa njani?
I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate yikhemikhali ethile ikhonkco yeyo I-calcium phosphate usapho. Ngokufanelekileyo, kuyaziwa ngamachiza njengoko I-calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate. Ibinzana elithi "dinodrate" libonisa i ubukho kwiimolekyuli ezimbini zamanzi axhonywe kwikristali, emelwa yi 2h2o kwifomula yayo. Ngaphandle kwezi molekyuli zamanzi, kuya kuba yinto enjalo I-Diccium phosphate, enamabala ahlukeneyo kancinci.
Kushishino, sihlala sibhekisa kuyo I-DCP okanye I-Calcium Calcium phosphate dihydrate. Ihlala ivela njengemhlophe, engenanto, engenaxabiso umgubo okanye ikristali. Njenge Umvelisi wemveliso yemichiza, Ndiyaqinisekisa ukuba I-Diccium phosphate Sivelisa sihlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo kuba njalo isetyenziswe njengesongezelelo sokutya okanye isithako kumayeza. Inika umxholo omkhulu weminerali, esenza isithuthi esihle sokuhambisa I-calcium kwaye phosphorus emzimbeni.
Inxalenye "ye-dibasic" yegama I-Calcium Calcium phosphate phosphate Ibhekisa kwinto emibini yeeathom ze-hydrogen kwintsusa iasidi phosphoric ithathelwe indawo I-calcium. Oku kwenza ukuba i-acidic incinci kune I-Monocalcium phosphate Kodwa i-acidic ngakumbi kune I-Tricacium phosphate. Le bhalansi yile nto inikayo I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate Iindlela zayo ezikhethekileyo kumacandelo amaninzi ahlukeneyo.
Silawula njani ukulungiselela kunye nokwenza le nqaku?
I ukwenziwa Umgangatho ophezulu I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate yikhemikhali ngqo inkqubo. Kwiziko lethu, i Ukulungiselela ihlala iqala ngokungathathi cala impendulo. Sihlala sisabela iasidi phosphoric kunye nomthombo weCalcium. Umthombo weCalcium unokuba I-calcium hydroxide (i-lime yentsimbi) okanye i-calcium carbonate.
I-equation ijongeka into enje:
$ $ H_3PO_4 + CA) _2 \ iahpow cahpo_9
Ulawulo lusitshixo. Ukuqinisekisa i ukwakhiwa ye I-Dihydrate Ifom endaweni yefom ye-anhydaraus, iqondo lobushushu kufuneka lilawulwe ngononophelo, ligcinwe ngaphantsi kwe-40 ° C (i-104 ° F). Ukuba impendulo inzima kakhulu, siphulukana neemolekyuli zamanzi, kunye ne imveliso utshintsho. Sikwabeka iliso ph amanqanaba ngokungqongqo. I isisombululo kufuneka igcinwe ngaphakathi Isiseko okanye kancinci i-acidic Uluhlu ukukhuthaza ukukhula okufanelekileyo kwekristale.
Nje ukuba ifomu yekristali, zahlulwe kulwelo, zihlanjwe ukuze zisuse ukungcola (njengokungaphezulu iasidi okanye isodium Ityiwa xa isetyenziswa), kwaye yomile. Inkqubo yokomisa icocekile; Ubushushu obukhulu buzakususa 2h2o, ukuwonakalisa I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate. Njengomthengisi weemarike ezinjenge-USA kunye ne-Australia, siyayazi ukuba ubungakanani beenkozo zokudla okuziinkozo okanye ukucoceka yindawo yentlungu yabathengi abafana nabathengi. Ke, bethu ishishini Inkqubo igxininisa ukungqinelana kwi-batch nganye I-Diccium phosphate.
Kutheni i-calcium phosphate ibaluleke kakhulu kumzi mveliso wamachiza?
Kwi amayeza Umhlaba, I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate Ngaba i-superststar inomdla. A unomdla Isixhobo esikhankanywe kunye nesithako esisebenzayo sonyango. Isetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo njenge iarhente yetafile kwezinye amachiza amalungiselelo. Ngoba? Kuba I-Diccium phosphate inazo iipropathi ezihamba kakuhle kunye nokutyibilika.
Xa kufuneka benze i ithebhulethi, badinga i-bulk Izixhobo Oko kuyakubamba imilo yayo xa icinezelwe kodwa kwakuqhekeza ngokufanelekileyo esiswini. I-Calcium Calcium phosphate dihydrate Ilungisa lo mthetholwayo ngokugqibeleleyo. Inganyibiliki ngaphakathi amanzi Kodwa inyibilike ngokulula kwimeko ye-acidic yesisu. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iyeza liyakhutshwa ngokuchanekileyo apho kufuneka khona.
Ngapha koko, ayisebenzi-hygroscopic, oko kuthetha ukuba ayifumani umswakama emoyeni. Oku kubalulekile ukuze uzinze ngamachiza abuthathaka. Ukuba usebenzisa i-filler ephosa amanzi, amayeza asebenzayo angade aphembelele ngaphambi kokuba isiguli sivulele ibhotile. Ngokusebenzisa I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate, amayeza Iinkampani ziqinisekisa ubomi obude beemveliso kwiimveliso zabo. Isebenza njengento ethembekileyo, inika ithebhulethi ubungakanani obufunekayo kunye nobume bezigulana ukuba baphathe ngokulula.
Isetyenziswa njani le nto njengesongezo lokutya?
Ukuba ujonga iilebheli kwi-pantry yakho, uyakufumana I-Diccium phosphate. Kuyinto ngokubanzi isetyenziswe njengesongezelelo sokutya ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Ngokuyintloko, isebenza njengearhente emnyama. Xa zidityaniswa neAlkali, I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate I-projeks yokuvelisa igesi ye-carbon dioxide. Le gesi ibanjiswa kwinhlama, ibangele ukuba inyuke. Ngelixa Isodium acid pyrophosphate ikhawuleza, i-DCPD ibonelela ngempendulo ecothayo, engaguqukiyo, egqibelele kwi iimpahla ezibhakiweyo.
Ngaphandle kweqhina, luyinto yetekisi kunye nesitayile. Ngaphakathi Iivenkile zesidlo sakusasa, ihlala yongezwa ukomeleza i ukutya nge I-calcium. Kuba abantu abaninzi abafumani ngokwaneleyo I-calcium ukusuka kubisi yedwa, ukongeza I-Diccium phosphate Iimveliso ezisekwe kwingqolowa zinceda i-blorhong ukuba i-seap yesondlo. Ifumaneka kwimveliso egudileyo kunye neemveliso ze-noodle.
Ukwenzela i ukutya ishishini, i ixabiso ubuxoki kubundilele bayo. I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate ayinantsingiselo kwaye ayina-odolf, ngoko ayinakutshintsha iflethi ye-flavour ye imveliso. Inika izibonelelo zomsebenzi-nokuba ukuphakamisa, ukwakhiwa, okanye isondlo-ngaphandle kokungena ngendlela yengca.
Idlala yiphi indima kwisilwanyana kunye nesondlo?
Asinakuthetha I-Diccium phosphate ngaphandle kokukhankanya indima enkulu kwezolimo. Sisithako esiyintloko kwisilwanyana yondla. Imfuyo, inkukhu, kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya zonke zifuna izixa ezibalulekileyo ze I-calcium kwaye phosphorus yokukhula kwethambo kunye nomsebenzi we-metabolic. I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate Ibaluleke kakhulu ngokwezilwanyana ezifumanekayo, ezithetha ukuba izilwanyana zinokutya ngokulula kwaye zifumane izondlo ezivela kuyo.
Ngaphakathi Inja inyanga kunye nokutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya, I-Diccium phosphate iqinisekisa ukuba abahlobo bethu boboya bahlala bomelele ithambo ukuxinana kunye namazinyo asempilweni. Kwizilwanyana zasezifama, iya kuba nzima ngakumbi. Ukusilela kwi phosphorus inokukhokelela ekunciphiseni amaqondo okukhula kunye nempilo enkenenkene. Ngokubandakanya I-Calcium Calcium phosphate phosphate Ukutya kwabo, amafama aqinisekisile imveliso ephezulu kunye nentlalo-ntle yezilwanyana.
Sidla ngokubonelela nge-granular ifom kuba yondla Izicelo zokunciphisa uthuli kwaye uphucule ukudibanisa nezinye izithako. Yinto ekhuselekileyo, efanelekileyo Umthombo we-calcium kunye ne-phosphorus Exhasa i-chain yonikezo lokutya lwehlabathi ukuqala kanye kwinqanaba leefama.
I-Solubity ichaphazele njani isicelo sayo?
Enye yeempawu ezichazayo ze I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate yiprofayile yayo ye-solting. Kuyinto engafunekiyo ngaphakathi amanzi. Ngelixa oku kunokuvakala ngathi yinto engathandekiyo, uninzi Izicelo, kuyanceda. Kuba ayinyibili kwangoko ngaphakathi amanzi, inika ukukhululwa okuzinzileyo kwezakha mzimba.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuzola kwayo kutshintsha kakhulu ph. Iyanyibilikisa ngokulula kwi-acids e-dilute, enje nge-thedrochloric iasidi okanye i-citric iasidi. Le propati isetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, kwimihlaba yezolimo e-acidic, I-Diccium phosphate ikhefu ixesha elingaphezulu, ukubonelela ngoncedo oluqinileyo lwe phosphorus ukutyala iingcambu.
Kwilebhu okanye ishishini lokusebenza, ukuba kufuneka silichithe, kufuneka sinciphise i ph ye isisombululo. Ukuqonda lo msebenzi kunye amanzi kwaye iasidi ibalulekile kwiifomula. Ukuba uzama ukwenza imveliso ecacileyo yolwelo, I-phosphate dihydrate Ingathintela ukuba i-Acidity ayilawulwa ngokuchanekileyo. Olu shwili yamanzi asezantsi uye wenza ukuba uzinze kwindawo emngciphekweni, ogqwesileyo ekugcinweni nasezithuthini.
Ngaba isetyenziswa kwimveliso yokuhambisa kunye nokulungiswa?
Ngelixa kuncinci kunokutya okuqinileyo, I-Diccium phosphate ifumana isicelo kwi isiselo Ishishini, ngakumbi kwiziselo ezinqatyisiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yesono esisezantsi amanzi, ihlala isetyenziswa ekunqunyanyisweni okanye kwiziselo ze-acidic apho inokunyibilika khona.
Kwiziselo ezisekwe lubisi okanye ezizezinye zobisi ezikwizityalo ezizezinye (njengesoy okanye ubisi lwe-almond), I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate isebenza njenge I-calcium Umthombo. Apha, kufuneka ibe yinto entle kakhulu umgubo Ukuthintela i-gritty yomlomo kwaye ukuqinisekisa ukuba ihlala inqunyanyisiwe kulwelo.
Inceda ukukhulula isiselo, ukugcina uzinzo lweeproteni kwaye uthintele i-curdling. Nangona kunjalo, iifomula kufuneka zilumke. Ukuba isiselo ayithathi cala kwaye icacile, I-calcium phosphate ihlala ingalolokhetho lokuqala; iityiwa ezinyibilikayo zinje I-calcium lactate (ihlala isetyenziselwa ukulondolozwa kodwa kunye nesiqulatho se-calcium) sinokukhetha. Kodwa kunamafu, amafu, amafu, anesondlo, I-DCP lukhetho olusebenzayo olunexabiso kunye nesondlo.
Loluphi uhlobo lwezicelo zamazinyo ezixhomekeke kulo mgubo?
Vula ityhubhu ye amazinyo, kwaye kukho ithuba elihle olijonge I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate. Kwishishini lokhathalelo lwamazinyo, lisetyenziswe ngokubanzi njenge iarhente yokuphumeza. I ikristali Ubume be I-Dihydrate Kunzima ngokwaneleyo ukususa i-plaique kunye namabala ukusuka emazantsi kodwa uthambile ngokwaneleyo ukuba ayiyonakalisa i-enamel.
Le uhlobo I-Ebrasive ithandelwa kwezinye iindlela zokuphamba njengezilica kwifomu elithile. Icoca ngokufanelekileyo amazinyo, inceda ukuthintela ukwakha kwe itartar nokugcina iintsini ziphilile. Ngapha koko, kuba iqulethe I-calcium kwaye iphosphate, kunokubanceda ngokwenyani ngokuntywila kwezinyo, nangona indima yayo iphambili kukucoca ngokwasemzimbeni.
Ikwasetyenziswa nakwiesenti zamazinyo kunye nezinto zokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Imichiza impendulo phakathi I-calcium i-ion kunye iphosphate I-ions ibalulekile kwisakhiwo samazinyo abantu (obukhulu be-hydroxyatite), ukwenza I-Diccium phosphate Izinto ze-bimimetic-enye eneebhayiloji.
Kutheni uyongeza i-Diccium phosphate kwizongezo zokutya?
I Isongezelelo sokutya Imakethi iyonyama, kwaye I-Diccium phosphate sisixhobo esicekeceke. Xa uthatha i-multivitamin okanye i-ilone I-calcium Yongeza, jonga ilebheli. Uyakuhlala ubona I-Calcium Calcium phosphate phosphate zidwelisiwe.
Thina yongeza kuba idala icwecwe elincinci, elincinci elinepesenti ephezulu yezinto eziphakamileyo I-calcium. Oku kuvumela abavelisi ukuba balingane i-dosage eyimfuneko yemihla ngemihla kwipilisi ekulula ukuyiginya. Ngokungafaniyo netyuwa ye-bulky ye-bulky, I-phosphate dihydrate ipakisha i-punch yesondlo kwifom yecompact.
Ngapha koko, ibonelela phosphorus, eyona nto ibalulekileyo emzimbeni ukuze usebenzise i I-calcium ngempumelelo ithambo Ukulungiswa kwaye izicubu Isondlo. Yiphakheji emibini yesondlo. Kubathengi abasebenza nzima okanye i-vegan, izongezo eziqulathiweyo ikhemikhali I-Diccium phosphate Iveliswe kwimithombo yeminerali inika enye indlela ebaluleke kakhulu kwisondlo esekwe sobisi.
Yintoni eyenzekayo ngexesha lokuhombisa kwe-thermal kwi-pyrophosphate?
Njengomchiza, ndifumana iipropathi ze-thermal ye I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate Inomdla. Ukuba uyatshisa le nto imveliso, iqhubeka nenguquko. Malunga ne-60-70 ° C, ilahlekelwe ziimolekyuli zayo zamanzi ukuba zicaphukiswe I-Diccium phosphate. Ukuba uqhubeka nokuyitshisa kubushushu obuphezulu (malunga ne-400 ° C-500 ° C), i-countence impendulo kwenzeka.
Iimolekyuli ezimbini ze I-Diccium phosphate dibanisa, ukukhulula amanzi, kunye nefom I-calcium pyrophosphate (CA2P20). Igama elithile I-Pyrophosphate Ngokwenyani lithetha "umlilo phosphate," obonisa ukuba uzalelwe kubushushu.
$ $ 2cahpo_4 \ iarrow ca_2p_O_O_O $ $
Le I-calcium pyrophosphate yahlukile ikhemikhali isilwanyana. Ingaphezulu nangakumbi kwaye isetyenziswa njenge-abrasive esemzantsi kwi-fluoride amazinyo kuba ayisabelanga nge-fluoride (ngokungafaniyo I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate, ngamanye amaxesha inokuphazamisa uzinzo lwe-fluoride). Ukuqonda le nto yokuziphatha kwe-shirmal kubalulekile ukwenziwa yezinto ezikhethekileyo zamazinyo kunye nezixhobo zeceramic.
Iqhosha lezitshixo
- I-Diccium phosphate dihydrate (Cahpo4 2h2o) yindawo yokuguquguquka I-calcium phosphate I-computer esetyenziselwa ukutya, i-pharma nezolimo.
- Isebenza njengento ebalulekileyo Umthombo we-calcium kunye ne-phosphorus Kubantu nakwizilwanyana, ezixhasayo ithambo kwaye izicubu impilo.
- Kwi amayeza Ishishini, likhetha Iarhente yetafile kwezinye izilungiselelo zamachiza amayeza Ngenxa yokuhamba kwayo kunye nokuxinana kwayo.
- Isebenza njenge-arhente ye-funnitine kunye neflasticier xa isetyenziswe njengesongezelelo sokutya ngaphakathi iimpahla ezibhakiweyo kwaye Iivenkile zesidlo sakusasa.
- I Ukulungiselela kubandakanya ukuphendula iasidi phosphoric Ngomthombo weCalcium onje ihydroxide Ngaphantsi kolawulo ph kunye neqondo lokushisa.
- Inganyibiliki ngaphakathi amanzi kodwa inyibilike ngaphakathi iasidi.
- Isebenza njengelitha iarhente yokuphumeza ngaphakathi amazinyo ukususa itartar ngaphandle kokwenzakalisa i-enamel.
- Ukufudumeza i-compound kungayiguqula ibe I-calcium pyrophosphate, eneenkqubo zayo ezizodwa zezolimo.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: I-DEX-10 ukuya kwi-1025
