I-Potassium icacisa: Isobility ephezulu yokulawula izicelo zangoku

Kwilizwe elidala leekhemikhali ezivela kwimizi-mveliso, amanye asebenza asebenza ngokuzola, esenza imisebenzi ebalulekileyo ngaphandle kokwamkelwa ngokubanzi. I-potassium icacisa yenye yeqhawe elinjalo. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo waNghelikayo ityiwa inamba-mbi yepropathi ephawulekayo-kubandakanya ukubakho ukunyibilikisa, ifuthe elisezantsi lokusingqongileyo, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu-kwenza isixhobo esingafanelekanga kuluhlu lweemfuno Izicelo zeMizi-mveliso. Ukusuka kubunzulu beoyile kakuhle kumphezulu wesikhululo seenqwelomoya indlela yokubaleka, Le quaglend yokuhambelana inikezela ngezisombululo ezisebenzayo kwaye zinoxanduva. Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga isayensi ngasemva i-potassium icacisa, hlalani kwizinto zayo ezinkulu, kwaye uchaze ukuba kutheni elinamandla ityiwa iya kuba lukhetho olukhethwayo kwishishini lanamhlanje.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-potassium ekwakhetha ityiwa?

Kwinqanaba labo elisisiseko, i-potassium icacisa yi-potassium Ityuwa ye-formic acid. Ifomula yekhemicali yekhemicali ye-hcook okanye chko₂. Yinto ephilayo ityiwa, eyahlulahlula i-inorganic ye-inorganic njengesodium i-chloride. Le meko ye-organic sisizathu esiphambili sezinto ezininzi eziyingenelo, ngakumbi i-biodegraphiady yayo. Kwindlela yayo eqinileyo, yindawo emhlophe, ye-crystalline ehlelayo, okuthetha ukuba ifumana ngokulula umswakama emoyeni. Ukuveliswa kwe i-potassium icacisa Ngokwesiqhelo kubandakanya ukuphendula i-potassium hydroxide okanye i-potassium carbonate nge I-Fomatic Acid. I-comple engceding sisitali esizinzileyo kwaye siluncedo kakhulu I-Chemical Complet.

Amandla okwenyani i-potassium icacisa ivuliwe xa ichithwe emanzini. Ibaluleke kakhulu inyibilikisiwe, ukuvumela ukudalwa kwendalo ephezulu Isisombululo esiyi-ACTE iimveliso. Ezi zisombululo, zihlala zibizwa ngokuba i-potassium icacisa I-Brines, icacile, ayinabala, kwaye isebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokungafaniyo nabanye ababuqaqawuli abaninzi, a Isisombululo sePotassium Ayisiyo inetyhefu kwaye iphinde ixabiseke ngokulula, isenza ukhetho olukhawulezileyo lwamashishini ajolise ekuzinzeni kwaye UKUKHUSELEKELA KWESICELO.

Oku kuyasebenza I-Chemical Complet ineseti eyodwa yeepropathi zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali. Amandla ayo okuthoba kakhulu Inqaku le-freazing yamanzi, eyona ilungileyo Uzinzo lwe-thermal, kwaye amandla ayo okwenza i-mumse ulwelo Ngaphandle kwezinyithi ezinqunyanyisiweyo zenza ukuba zixabiseke kakhulu. Ezi mpawu sisiseko sendima ebaluleke kakhulu kwi Ishishini leoyile negesi, ukudideka, kwaye Utshintshelo lobushushu iinkqubo.

Yintoni eyenza ukuba i-smolbabium ye-potassium ikhethekileyo?

Inqaku eliqinisekileyo le i-potassium icacisa kukhetho lwayo ukunyibilikisa emanzini. Ngelixa uninzi lweesaliti inyibilikisiwe, i-potassium icacisa ithatha kwelinye inqanaba. Yi inyibilikisiwe kakhulu emanzini, ukwazisa ukusombulula iingxaki ukuya kuthi ga kwi-75% ngokobunzima begumbi. Le I-SORING EPRING ngumdlalo we-gameri-itshintsha kuba ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba benze ulwelo Ngobunzima obuphezulu kakhulu kwaye iphantsi kakhulu Inqaku le-freazing, konke ngaphandle kokufuna ukunqumamisa amasuntswana aqinileyo.

Obu buchule boku veza isixinene esiphezulu, Cacisa amanzi anetyuwa ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngokona Izicelo zeMizi-mveliso, inzima ulwelo iyafuneka ukulawula uxinzelelo, kodwa izinyibilikisi ezinqunyanyisiweyo zinokubangela umonakalo kwizixhobo okanye ukwenzayo. I-potassium icacisa isombulula le ngxaki ngokwandisa ukungcungcutheka kwamanzi ngokupheliswa. Isiphumo Isisombululo sePotassium Isisombululo esiyinyani, sithetha ukuba iyunifomu iphela kwaye izinzile.

Ngapha koko, oku kuyamangalisa ukunyibilikisa idityaniswe ngokuthe ngqo kwimpumelelo yayo njenge iarhente yokufudumeza kwaye a Ulwelo lobushushu. Igxile kakhulu Isisombululo sePotassium ingaba unayo Inqaku le-freazing iphantsi nge-60 ° C (-76 ° F). Oku kuthetha ukuba inganyibilika kakuhle kwaye Thintela i-ice ukwakhiwa kweemeko ezibandayo kakhulu. Kuba Utshintshelo lobushushu Izicelo, ezi ziphantsi Inqaku le-freazing Ivumela iinkqubo zokupholisa ukuba zisebenze ngokukhuselekileyo kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, ukubonelela ngenqanaba lokwenza ezinye ii-fluids azinakuhambelana.

I-potassium isetyenziswa njani kwishishini leoyile negesi?

Kwimeko efunwayo ye Ishishini leoyile negesi, i-potassium icacisa ikhuphe indima ebalulekileyo njengesiseko sokusebenza esiphezulu se Ukumba i-fluid kunye nokuzaliswa kwezinto. A Ukumba i-fluid, ekwabizwa ngokuba nguMud of Duds, ibalulekile ekusebenzeni ngempumelelo. Ipholile kwaye itywine i-Drill bit, ithwala izitoliki ezinqamlezileyo kumphezulu, kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, i-Exitts uxinzelelo lokuthintela i-blowouts ephezulu.

I Ukusetyenziswa kwe-potassium yeya kwi I-Grill Stell System inika izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo. A I-potassium yenze i-brine Ngaba i-solids-engenanto, isixinene esiphezulu ulwelo. Oku kubonelela ngolawulo olugqwesileyo ngaphandle kwesidingo searhente yokulinganisa njenge-barite, enokonakalisa indawo yokugcina ioyile. I-fortate ion ikwabonelela I-Intewuli eyomeleleyo ngokuchasene nokudumba. Xa ukrwitse kulwakhiwo lwamanzi abuthathaka ngamanzi, ulwelo olusekwe emanzini lunokubangela ukuba i-shale ifunxa amanzi kwaye idumbe, enokuchitha iqula. I i-potassium icacisa-Obusele ulwelo thintela le, esikhokelela ekukhuselekweni kwaye sisebenza ngakumbi Ukuntywila.

Ezi propati zinegalelo ngcono Ukhuseleko lwe-reservoir. Kuba i-potassium icacisa ulwelo Ngaba i-solids-engenakonakalisa, inceda ukwandisa imveliso ukusuka equleni kanye xa i-fell igqityiwe. Ngapha koko, UKUKHUSELEKELA KWESICELO Iprofayile yinto ephambili. Njenge-biodegradable kwaye ayinatyhefu yongeza, i-potassium icacisa imele ukhetho olunoxanduva lokusingqongileyo oluhambelana nemveli i-chloride-Bing Cloines esele zinokungcolisa umhlaba namanzi aphantsi komhlaba.

Kutheni i-potassium ibonisa iarhente ebalaseleyo yokugcina izinto?

Xa kuziwa ekugcineni I-RICHINTS YOKUGQIBELA Kwaye iibhulorho zikhuselekile ebusika, ayizizo zonke izinto ezihleliweyo zenziwa zilingana. Ngelixa iityiwa eziqhelekileyo ezifana I-sodium chloride ziyasebenza ekunyibilikeni umkhenkce, zikwahluthwa kakhulu kwiintsimbi kwaye zonakalisa kwindalo. Kulapho i-potassium icacisa ikhanya njengepremiyamu iarhente yokufudumeza. Sisixhobo esinamandla esisetyenziselwa de-umkhenkce Izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo.

Ithuba eliphambili i-potassium icacisa ngaphakathi ukudideka indibaniselwano yayo yokusebenza kakuhle kunye nefuthe elisezantsi lokusingqongileyo. Isebenza ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kunezinye izinto ezihlekisayo kwaye ziyasebenza ngamaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Kuba iphantsi kakhulu indawo yokukhupha amanzi, ayizilula kuphela i-ice ekhoyo kodwa iphinde ithintela intsha Ukuqulunqwa komkhenkce ixesha elide. Oku kubalulekile ekugcineni imisebenzi ekhuselekileyo kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya indlela yokubaleka, apho ke ungqameko oluncinci lomkhenkce akamkelekanga.

Ngokunzulu, i-potassium icacisa incinci kakhulu kunokuba i-chloride-Okutsha. Eli linqaku elibalulekileyo lokuhamba inqwelo moya, njengoko inciphisa umonakalo wokufumana izinto ezinobuthathaka zenqwelomoya, igiya yokufika, kunye neziseko zomoya. I-biodegraphiance yayo kuthetha ukuba ihla indalo ngaphandle kokushiya intsalela eyingozi i-chloride I-ions. Oku kwenza ukuba kukhetho olukhethwayo kwiindawo ezinobuthathaka kwindalo, ukunceda ukukhusela iindawo zendalo zendalo ngelixa kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko loluntu. Ukukhetha ukuya Sebenzisa i-potassium ye-potassium lukhetho lwentsebenzo noxanduva.

Ngaba i-potassium yenze isetyenziswa njenge-floid ye-floid yobushushu?

Ngokuqinisekileyo. Iipropathi ezifanayo ezenziwayo i-potassium icacisa Umntu onesidima esihle naye wenza ukuba ibe yi-superb Ulwelo lobushushu, idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yifriji yesibini okanye ipholile. Ngcono Iinkqubo zokupholisa, ezinjengezo zifunyenwe kwiivenkile ezinkulu, izityalo zokutya zokutya, kunye neendawo zemveliso, a Ulwelo lobushushu Imijikelezo yokususa amandla e-thermal ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye.

A Isisombululo sePotassium yeyona nto ilungileyo Ulwelo lobushushu ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. Okokuqala, iphantsi kakhulu Inqaku le-freazing Ivumela iinkqubo ukuba zisebenze ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kwiqondo lobushushu elingaphantsi kwe-0 ° C (32 ° F). Okwesibini, kulungile ukuqhubela phambili kwe-thermal Kwaye i-viscofity ephantsi ethelekiswa ne-Glycol fluids, ngakumbi kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Oku kuthetha ukuba ingadlulisela ubushushu ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ifuna amandla angagungqiyo, ekhokelela ekulondolozeni iindleko ezibalulekileyo zokusebenza kunye nokuphuculwa ukusebenza kwamandla.

Ngapha koko, i-potassium icacisa inika ithuba elibalulekileyo ngokwemigaqo yokhuseleko kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo. Ayinakutsha, ayinabunzi, kwaye ingonakalisi. Oku kumahluko bukhali kabukhali kunye nokuphola okunokuba yityhefu okanye kuyingozi kwindalo. Iphantsi i-corrosion iprofayili ye i-potassium icacisa Kwaoko wandisa i-Lifepan yemibhobho, iimpompo, kunye nezinye izinto zenkqubo, ukunciphisa iindleko zesondlo kunye nexesha lokuphumla. Njengoko amashishini afuna izisombululo ezizinzileyo nezifanelekileyo zokupholisa, ukusetyenziswa kwe i-potassium icacisa njenge Ulwelo lobushushu ikhula ngokukhawuleza.

Zeziphi izicelo eziphambili zeshishini ze-potassium ekwakhekileyo?

I Iipropathi ezizodwa ye i-potassium icacisa bakhokelele ekuthatheni ingqalelo amashishini ahlukeneyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo njengesiqhelo amanzi anetyuwa, umlingani osebenzayo, kwaye umphuli ofanelekileyo kuthetha ukuba usombulula iingxaki kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.

Nantsi isishwankathelo sentloko yayo Izicelo zeMizi-mveliso:

• Icandelo leoyile negesi: Njengecandelo eliphambili ekusebenzeni kakhulu, ngokusingqongileyo Ukuqhuba kunye nokuGqibezela ulwelo Ifomula. I I-Grill Slessord ye-sleid ene-potassium yeya ixabisiwe kukuthintelwa kwayo kwaye Ukhuseleko lwe-reservoir amandla.
• Ukuhamba: Njengeprimiyamu, i-carrosion ephantsi iarhente yokufudumeza kuba I-RICHINTS YOKUGQIBELA, Iiteksi, iibhulorho, kunye nezinye izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo. Ukukwazi kwayo de-umkhenkce ngokukhawuleza nangamaqondo obushushu asezantsi kakhulu sisibonelelo esiphambili.
• Utshintshelo lobushushu: Njengefriji yesibini okanye Ulwelo lobushushu Kwimizi-mveliso nakwezorhwebo Iinkqubo zokupholisa. Ukusebenza kwayo ngokhuseleko, ukhuseleko, kwaye ifuthe elisezantsi lokusingqongileyo yenza enye indlela ebalaseleyo kwi-Glycols.
• Isichumisi: I-potassium icacisa inokusetyenziswa njengolwelo i-potassium isichumisi. Inika izityalo nge potassium, isohlwayo esibalulekileyo, kwifom efumanekayo efumanekayo, iFeloria yasimahla. Oku kuyingenelo ikakhulu kwizityalo ezinomdla kuyo i-chloride.
• Ukuveliswa kwesinyithi se-potassium: I I-Chemical Compled kwimveliso ye-potassium yentsimbi ibandakanya i-elektrolylrolysis ye-potassium ye-potassim ye-chatdovide. I-potassium icacisa inokusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezinxulumene nemveliso yemichiza.
• Ezinye iinkqubo: Ikwafumana i-niche isebenzisa njengokuncitshiswa Iarhente yokuphendula, kwi-lengning yesikhumba, kunye necandelo kwiiarhente zokucima umlilo.

Uluhlu olubanzi lwe Ukusetyenziswa kwe-potassium yeya ibonisa ixabiso layo njengonamandla kwaye libethelele I-Chemical Complet.

I-potassium icacisa njani igalelo kukhuseleko lwendalo?

Umxholo ophindaphindiweyo kwimpumelelo ye i-potassium icacisa Ngaba igalelo labo elifanelekileyo UKUKHUSELEKELA KWESICELO. Kwixesha apho uzinzo luyinto enkulu, i-potassium icacisa Inika indawo eluhlaza kwiikhemikhali ezininzi zemveli, ngakumbi ezo zisekwe kwi i-chloride. Iprofayile yayo yendalo yenye yabaqhubi abaphambili bokwamkelwa kwe Izicelo ezininzi zemveliso.

Esona sibonelelo sibalulekileyo sokusingqongileyo sisibonelelo sayo. Xa a Isisombululo sePotassium Ikhutshelwe kwindalo esingqongileyo, i-microorganisms iyaphula emanzini, ikharbon diokside, kunye ne-potassium ions. Le nkqubo yokuphehla kwendalo ithintela ukuqokelelwa kwexesha elide kwizinto eziyingozi kumhlaba namanzi. Lo ngumlinganiso ohlukileyo kwi I-sodium chloride okanye I-calcium chloride, eyazisa ngokuqhubekayo i-chloride I-ion enokonakalisa ubomi bezityalo kunye ne-Oquatic ephila.

Ngapha koko, ityhefu yayo ephantsi yingenelo enkulu. Ithatyathwa kukhuselekile ukuphatha kwaye inegalelo eliphantsi kubomi base-Aquatic, ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenziseni kwayo njengomntu onesidima apho inkxalabo emanzini yinkxalabo. Iphantsi i-corrosion Inqanaba le i-potassium icacisa Ikwanokuzibandakanya ngokungathanga ngqo. Ngokugcina ingqibelelo yemibhobho, izithuthi, kunye nenqwelomoya, inciphisa isidingo sokutshintsha kwamalungu kunye nemveliso enxulumene noko igalelo elide, elizinzileyo lobomi.

Yintoni ebandakanyekileyo kwimisebenzi yokuqhuba ne-potassium yeya?

Ukuntywila ngokunzulu kwindima yayo kwi ioyile kunye negesi icandelo, usebenzisa a i-potassium icacisa-Obusele Ukumba i-fluid kubandakanya indlela enobunkunkqele yokwakha kakuhle. Xa ucwangcisela Ukuqhuba kunye nokuGqibezela, iinjineli ziyayila i Ukumba i-fluid Ukuhlangabezana nemiceli mingeni ethile yokwenziwa kwendalo. A I-potassium yenze i-brine ihlala ikhethwa i-Dende, uxinzelelo oluphezulu / ubushushu obuphezulu (i-HPHT) apho apho uzinzo lwe-felicare lubalulekile.

Inkqubo iqala ngokuxuba i-oxting Isisombululo sePotassium kwi-versity ekujoliso kuyo. Le ulwelo Emva koko wasasazwa phantsi umtya wokugqobhoza kwaye ubuyise i-anmoulus. Njengoko ijikeleza, I-Potassium icacisa Imisebenzi eliqela: Ibonelela ngoxinzelelo olufanelekileyo lwe-hydrostatic ukulawula iqula, indlela yayo ion Thintela i-shale ukusuka ngokudumba kunye nokugcina, kunye nemvelo yasimahla ethintela i-bow ye-pores yendawo yokugcina indawo. Le nto yaziwa ngokuba Ukhuseleko lwe-reservoir, kwaye kubalulekile ukwandisa imveliso yequla.

I Ukuhambelana kakuhle ye i-potassium icacisa kunye nezinye izinto zokuntywila ezivumela ukuba zifihlwe kakhulu ulwelo Inkqubo. Iinjineli zinokuhambahamba kakuhle kwiipropathi ze-fluid ukujongana nayiphi na imiceli mngeni efunyenweyo Ukuntywila. I Uzinzo lwe-thermal ye i-potassium icacisa Imolekyule iqinisekisa ukuba ulwelo Gcina iipropathi zayo nakwiqondo lobushushu eliphakamileyo lifumene nzulu phantsi komhlaba. Ezi Izibonelelo eziGcukileyo yenze ukhetho lweepremiyamu zokuntywila kwaye zifuna ukuqhuba ioyile Iiprojekthi.

I-potassium ibonisa njani ukuthelekisa ezinye iityuwa?

Ukuyixabisa ngokupheleleyo i Izibonelelo ze-potassium zicacisa, kuluncedo ukuthelekisa ngokuthe ngqo kwezinye iityuwa eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa iinjongo ezifanayo. Nganye ityiwa Ineprofayili eyahlukileyo ngokwendlela yokusebenza, indleko, kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo.

Njengoko itafile ibonisa, i-potassium icacisa kwaye i-potassium ye-potassium Nikeza eyona ntsebenzo ilungileyo malunga nobushushu obuphantsi obunobushushu kwaye uphantsi i-corrosion. Ngelixa ii-stal zemveli ziyafana I-sodium chloride zixabiso eliphantsi, beza neembaleki ezibalulekileyo ngokwendalo yabo yokusebenza kunye nengozi yokusingqongileyo. I-Potassium icacisa ineengenelo ezingekagqitywa ezinje ngentembeko eqinileyo ye-corrosion kunye ne-biodegradiance egqwesileyo. Kwizicelo apho ukusebenza khona kwaye UKUKHUSELEKELA KWESICELO zizinto eziphambili eziphambili, I-Potassium isetyenzisiwe Njengokhetho oluphezulu, ngaphandle kweendleko zayo eziphambili zokuqala.

Sisiphi isicelo sexesha elizayo sePotangasimu esinokuyibona?

Ikamva le i-potassium icacisa Ijongeka iqaqambile njengamashishini aqhubeka ukukhangela ukusebenza kakhulu, izisombululo zekhemikhali ezizinzileyo. Ngelixa iimarike zayo zangoku ngaphakathi ioyile kunye negesi, ukudideka, kwaye Utshintshelo lobushushu zomelele, zintsha Ukusetyenziswa kwe-potassium yeya zikwindawo ethe tyaba. I Iipropathi ezizodwa yale nto I-Chemical Complet Vula iingcango zezinto ezintsha kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo.

Indawo enye ethembisayo ikugcinweni lwamandla. Abaphandi baphonononge ukusetyenziswa kolwelo olusekwe kwi-formate, kubandakanya i-potassium icacisa, njengabaphathi be-hydrogen efihliweyo (i-LOHCS) okanye njengezinto kwiibhetri ezilandelayo kunye neeseli zepetroli. Uzinzo kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukuthatha inxaxheba ekunikezelweni kweekhemikhali kwenza ukuba ibe ngumgqatswa onomdla kwiitekhnoloji zamandla oluhlaza.

Kwezolimo, imfuno yezichumisi ezingenazichumisi ezingenasimahla ziyakhula. Njengomthombo we-potassium ebalulekileyo ngaphandle kwengozi i-chloride, i-potassium icacisa inokubona ukusetyenziswa okwandisiweyo njengolwelo olukhethekileyo i-potassium isichumisi kwizityalo ezinexabiso eliphezulu kunye nezityalo ezinetyiwa. Njengokuqinana nemigaqo kwaye i-tyhuzula i-chemistry eluhlaza iyaqinisa, i IINGXAKI ZOKUTHENGA IXESHA ye-corosion kunye nengozi yokusingqongileyo i-potassium icacisa Izibonelelo ziya kukhokelela ekuthatheni ingqalelo nangakumbi Izicelo ezahlukeneyo zemveliso. Le uthobekile ityiwa ikwindawo entle ukuba ibe ngumdlali ophambili kwi-chemistry yeziselo ezinzileyo yekamva.

Iindlela eziphambili zokukhumbula

• I-potassium icacisa yinto ephilayo ye-biodegrady ityiwa ye I-Fomatic Acid, eyaziwa ngokuba phezulu kakhulu ukunyibilikisa emanzini.
• Yinto ephezulu Ukumba i-fluid isiseko kwi Ishishini leoyile negesi, ukuhambisa uthintele kwi-shale efanelekileyo kwaye Ukhuseleko lwe-reservoir.
• Njenge iarhente yokufudumeza, isebenza kakhulu kubushushu obuphantsi, ongenakukhathalelanga, kunye nokusingqongileyo okunobuhlobo, kuyenza ilungele I-RICHINTS YOKUGQIBELA.
• Iphantsi Inqaku le-freazing kwaye iipropathi ezivumelanayo zenza ukuba ziphezulu Ulwelo lobushushu yezamashishini Iinkqubo zokupholisa.
• Xa kuthelekiswa nemveli i-chloride iityuwa, i-potassium icacisa inika intsebenzo ebonakalayo ebonakalayo ngokwe i-corrosion kwaye UKUKHUSELEKELA KWESICELO.
• Ukusetyenziswa kweprofayili yayo kunye neprofayile eluhlaza kuqhuba nokwamkelwa kwenani elikhulayo le Izicelo zeMizi-mveliso.