Kh2po4 vs. k2hpo4: Kunzwisisa iyo Kwakakosha Misiyano muPhosphate Buffers

Chinyorwa ichi chinotsanangura mutsauko pakati peKH2po4 (potassium dihydrogen) uye k2hpo4 (dipotassium hydrogen phazhate), maviri zvikamu zvePhosphate Buffer Solutions. Isu tinonamira mumakemikari avo emakemikari, maitiro avanoita mu buffers, uye sei kusarudza iyo yakakodzera kune zvaunoda chaizvo. Kunyangwe iwe uri muongorori ane ruzivo kana kungotanga mu lab, kunzwisisa izvi kusiyana kwakakosha kune mhedzisiro chaiyo yekuedza. Uku ndiko Inofanirwa-kuverenga Kune chero munhu anoshanda nemhinduro dzekubhadhara muBiology, Chemistry, kana minda ine hukama.

Chii chinonzi phosphathe buffer? Tsananguro

A buffer Mhinduro chishandiso chakakosha mumiedzo yakawanda yesainzi. Basa rayo guru nderekudzivisa shanduko mukati Ph Kana zvidiki zvidiki zve acid kana chigadziko akawedzera. Izvi zvakakosha nekuti zvakawanda zvemakemikari maitiro, kunyanya avo vari muzvinyorwa zvebhizimusi, vane hanya kwazvo neP anochinja.

Phosphathe Buffers, kunyanya, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya nekuti vanogona buffer pamusoro pehuremu hwePh kukosha uye zvinowirirana nemaitiro mazhinji ezvinyorwa. Ivo vanoitwa vachishandisa nzira dzakasiyana dze Phosphate, molecule iyo ine phosphorous uye oksijeni. Chaiwo Phosphato Buffer simba zvine musanganiswa we Kh2po4 (potassium dihydrogen phosphate) uye K2HPO4 (dipotsium hydrogen phosphate). Iyo chaiyo huwandu hwezvinhu izvi zviviri zvinoratidza kuti yekupedzisira Ph ye buffer.

Ndeupi mutsauko pakati peKH2po4 uye K2HPO4?

Kiyi mutsauko pakati Kh2po4 uye K2HPO4 kunyepedzera muhuwandu hwe hydrogen (H) maatomu ivo zvine.

• Kh2po4 (Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphato): Iyi compound inozivikanwa zvakare se monobasic potassium phosphate. Ine maviri hydrogen maatomu. Kana ikanyungudika mumvura, inozviita semagetsi asina kusimba acid, kupa proton (H +) kuna mhinduro.

• K2HPO4 (Dippotassium hydrogen phosphate): Iyi compound inozivikanwawo seDibasic potassium phosphate. Ine imwe chete hydrogen atomu. Kana ikanyungudika mumvura, inoita seyakaonda base, kugamuchira proton (H +) kubva ku mhinduro.

Uku kuratidzika kunge kusiyanisa kudiki mumakemikari chimiro kunotungamira mukusiyana kwakakosha mukuita kwavo mumhinduro. Kh2po4 inopa kune iyo acidic zvivakwa zve buffer, nepo K2HPO4 inopa kune iyo yekutanga (kana Alkaline) zvivakwa.

Kh2po4 neK2HPO4 KUSHANDA PAMUSORO MUBUFFER Solution?

Kh2po4 uye K2HPO4 shanda pamwe chete secakabugate acid-base vaviri kugadzira a Phosphato Buffer. Maitiro ezviyero anokwanisa kumiririrwa seinotevera:

H2po4- (AQ) + H2O (L) ⇌ HPO42- (AQ) + H3O + (AQ)

• Kh2po4 inopa iyo H2po4- (Dihydrogen phosphateions.
• K2HPO4 inopa iyo HPO42-hydrogen phosphateions.

Kana huwandu hushoma hwe acid (H +) ndeye akawedzera ku buffer, iyo hop42- ions dzinoita ne acid, ichichinja kuenzana kusvika kuruboshwe uye kuderedza shanduko mukati Ph. Kana chidiki chidiki che base (oh-) ndeye akawedzera, iyo h2po- ion inoenderana nechigadziko, ichichinja kuenzana kurudyi uye zvakare kudzikisira shanduko mukati Ph. Uku kugona kudzivisa shanduko pH ndiko kunoita buffer zvinobatsira. Ratio ichaita wedzera kusvika pamhedzisiro.

Maitiro ekugadzirira phosphathe buffer solution ine kh2po4 uye k2hpo4?

Kuti gadzirira a Phosphato Buffer Mhinduro, iwe uchazoda:

1. Kh2po4 (Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate)
2. K2HPO4 (dipotsium hydrogen phosphate)
3. Mvura yakadzika
4. Ph metres
5. Beakers uye kusimudzira midziyo

Heino maitiro evanhu (anogara achidaro protocol Zvaunoda Ph uye kusvinura):

1. Sarudza iyo yaunoda pH uye kusvinura kwebuffer yako. Semuenzaniso, unogona kuda 0.1m Phosphato Buffer at ph 7.2.

2. Kuverenga huwandu hweKH2po4 uye K2HPO4 zvinodiwa. Iwe unogona kushandisa iyo Henderson-Hadseyalch equation kana online buffer Calculator kuti uone iyo chaiyo ratio yezvikamu zviviri izvi. Iyo Henderson-HamaMelbalch equation ndeye:
   ph = pka + Log ([hpo42 -] / [h2po4-])
   Iko PTA ICHI CHEMA CHEMA CHEMA CHETE Phosphate ion (anenge 7.2 kune yechipiri kusaparika kwe phosphoric acid)

3. Fungai moles ye kh2po4 uye k2hpo4 mune buffer, ipapo wedzera uremu hwekunyora uye icho chichakuudza kuti mangani magiramu kuti awedzere kuna mhinduro.

4. Nyungudika iyo yakaverengerwa masasi e Kh2po4 uye K2HPO4 Mune vhoriyamu yemvura yakadzika iyo iri zvishoma zvishoma pane yako yekupedzisira yaunoda vhoriyamu. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe uchida 1 litre ye buffer, tanga na800 ML yemvura.

5. Simbisa mhinduro kusvikira mapundu akanyungudika.

6. Shandisa iyo ph metres kuyera iyo pH yemhinduro.

7. Kana zvichidikanwa, gadzirisa iyo pH nekuwedzera zvidiki zvidiki zvemhinduro yakaomeswa yeiyo kh2po4 (kudzikisa iyo pH) kana K2HPO4 (kusimudza iyo pH).

8. Kamwe phwo yaunoda ph inosvikwa, wedzera mvura yakadzikira kuunza mhinduro yeiyo yekupedzisira vhoriyamu vhoriyamu.

Ndeipi iyo pH chikamu che phosphate buffer?

Phosphathe Buffers vanonyanya kushanda mu Ph huwandu hwenhamba dzinosvika 6.0 kusvika 8.0. Izvi imhaka yekuti epka ye hydrogen phosphate/ dehydrogen Phosphate Equilibrium iri kusvika 7.2. The the kubhururuka kugona yakakwirira kana iyo Ph iri pedyo nePPE kukosha. Kunyangwe ichinyanya kushanda pedyo ne7,2 inogona buffer Pane huwandu hwetsika, kusanganisira zvishoma Alkaline 7.4.

Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti zvinoshanda buffer ranga rinogona kuve rakanyatsowedzerwa zvichienderana nekushivirira kunogamuchirika kwe Ph chinja mune chimwe chinhu chikumbiro. A Phosphato Buffer inogona kunge ichiripo kubhururuka kugona kunze kweiyi renji, asi ichave isinganyanyi kushanda pakuramba Ph shanduko. The the Phosphato Buffer rangi yakanakira kune akawanda ebiological application.

Ini ndinosarudza sei pakati peKH2po4 uye K2Hpo4 yekuedza kwangu?

Sarudzo pakati pekushandisa Kh2po4 kana K2HPO4 ndega, kana musanganiswa, zvinoenderana zvachose pane zvaunoda Ph zvako mhinduro.

• Kana iwe uchida acidic mhinduro, iwe waizoshandisa zvakanyanya Kh2po4.
• Kana iwe uchida yekutanga kana Alkaline mhinduro, iwe waizoshandisa zvakanyanya K2HPO4.
• Kana iwe uchida kusarerekera kana pedyo-kusarerekera Ph, iwe uchafanirwa kushandisa a musanganiswa zvevaviri Kh2po4 uye K2HPO4 kugadzira a buffer. Iyo chaiyo ratio yevaviri vanozoenderana chaizvo Ph urikuedza kuzadzisa.

Izvo hazviwanzo kushandisa imwe chete yeaya makomisheni mune yekutsvaga mamiriro. Kazhinji, iwe uri kutarisira kugadzira a buffer mhinduro yekudzikisira Ph zvekuita kana mhinduro.

Ndinogona here kushandisa phosphoric acid (H3po4) kugadzira phosphate buffer?

Ehe, unogona kushandisa phosphoric acid (H3po4) kuti gadzirira a Phosphato Buffer. Nekudaro, phosphoric acid iri prototic acid, zvinoreva kuti ine matatu onizable hydrogen maatomu. Izvi zvinotungamira kumatanho matatu akasiyana emisiyano, mumwe nemumwe aine kukosha kwayo kwePka:

1. H3Po4 ⇌ H + + H2po4- (Pka1 ≈ 2.15)
2. H2po4- ⇌ H + + HPO42- PKA2 ≈ 7.20)
3. HPO42- ⇌ H + + Pyaya- (Pka3 ≈.35)

Kugadzira a buffer uchishandisa H3po4, iwe unowanzoita wedzera chigadziko chakasimba, senge Koh (potassium hydroxide) kana Sodium hydroxide (naoh), kuti uzvipamwe acid uye gadzira zvaunoda ratio ye Phosphate marudzi. Semuenzaniso, kugadzira a buffer kutenderedza Ph 7, iwe waizodaro wedzera Base yakakwana kusvika kune yechipiri dissing nhanho nhanho, kugadzira musanganiswa weH2po4- naHpo42-. The the buffer zone ye phosphoric acid inowedzera kune akawanda marangi.

Uchishandisa H3po4 inogona kuve yakaomarara pane kushandisa Kh2po4 uye K2HPO4 zvakananga, sezvaunoda kunyatso kudzora huwandu hwetsiva akawedzera kusvika pane yaunoda Ph. Nekudaro, inogona kuve nzira inobatsira kana iwe uchingova nazvo phosphoric acid inowanikwa, kana kuda kugadzira a mhinduro Nekukwirira Ionic Simba.

Nei Kh2po4 iri acid uye k2hpo4 yakakosha?

Acidity ye Kh2po4 uye kukosha kwe K2HPO4 Rondedzera zvakananga kune zvivakwa zvavo zvemakemikari uye kuti vanobatana nemvura.

• KH2po4 (Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate): Rini Kh2po4 inodonhedza mumvura, inodziyisira muK + ion ion uye h2po- ions. The the Dihydrogen phosphate ion (H2po4-) inogona kuita seisina kusimba acid, kupa proton (H +) kumvura:
  H2po4- + H2O ⇌ HPO42- + H3O +
  Kuumbwa kweH3O + (hydronium ion) inowedzera iyo acid kusvinura mukati mhinduro, ichiita kuti ive acidic.

• K2HPO4 (dipotassium hydrogen phazhate): Rini K2HPO4 inodonhedza mumvura, inodziyisira mu 2k + ion uye hpo4- ions. The the hydrogen phosphate ion (HPO42-) inogona kuita seyakaonda base, kugamuchira proton (H +) kubva kumvura:
  HPO42- + H2O ⇌ H2po4- + oh-
  Kuumbwa kweOh- (Hydroxide ions) inowedzera chigadziko kusvinura mu mhinduro, zvichiita kuti ive yekutanga kana Alkaline.

Maitiro ekugadzirisa iyo pH ye phosphate buffer?

Kugadzirisa Ph a Phosphato Buffer chakajairika maitiro mu lab. Heano maitiro ekuzviita:

1. Kuyera iyo yekutanga pH: Shandisa iyo calibrated ph metres kune chaiyo kuyera iyo Ph zvako buffer mhinduro.
2. Sarudza pane kutungamirirwa kwekugadziriswa: Sarudza kana iwe uchifanira kuwedzera kana kuderedza iyo Ph.
3. Wedzera mhinduro yakakodzera:
   • Kudzikisa iyo pH (ita kuti ive yakawanda acidic): Zvishoma nezvishoma wedzera Dilute mhinduro ye Kh2po4 kana dhalute mhinduro yeakasimba acid kunge Chisni (Hydrochloric acid), nepo kuenderera mberi kuongorora Ph ine ph meter.
   • Kurera iyo pH (ita kuti ive yakawanda basic / alkaline): Zvishoma nezvishoma wedzera Dilute mhinduro ye K2HPO4 kana dhalute mhinduro yechibharo chakasimba senge Koh (potassium hydroxide) kana naoh (Sodium Hydroxide), nepo zvichiramba uchitarisa iyo Ph ine ph meter.
4. Sanganisa zvakakwana: Ona kuti mhinduro inosanganiswa zvakanaka mushure meumwe neumwe.
5. Mira kana pH yasvikwa ichisvika: Ramba uchiwedzera kugadzirisa mhinduro Mukuwedzera kudiki kusvikira iyo pH metres ichiverenga iyo yaunoda Ph kukosha. Chenjera kuti urege kuwanda.

Chinyorwa chakakosha: Nguva dzose wedzera kugadziridzwa mhinduro zvishoma nezvishoma uye mune zvidiki zvidiki, nepo zvichiramba uchimutsa uye kuongorora Ph. Izvi zvinodzivirira zvakanyanyisa Ph shanduko uye unovimbisa buffer inochengeta yayo kubhururuka kugona. Unogona kutungamira Kand's makemikari sodium acetate zvinyorwa zvekusanganisa zvakanakisa zviitiko zvine zvakafanana makemikari.

Ndezvipi zvimwe zvinoshandiswa zviwanikwa zve phosphate buffers?

Phosphathe Buffers zvinoshamisa zvinoshamisa uye zvinoshandiswa mune dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa, kusanganisira:

• Kutsvaga Biological: Kuchengetedza Ph yetsika tsika, Protein mhinduro, uye enzyme maitiro. PBS Solution, semuenzaniso, ndizvo Phosphate yakakwira saline.
• Molecular Biology: Dna and the Rna kubviswa, electrophoresis, uye zvimwe molekyar biology Nhungamiro.
• Biochemistry: Kufunda enzyme kinetics, Protein kucheneswa, uye zvimwe zviitiko zve biochemical.
• Chemistry: Se buffer mumakemikari maitiro uye zvevajaya.
• Indasitiri yeMishonga: Kugadzira zvinodhaka uye mishonga.
• Indasitiri yechikafu: Kudzora Ph mukugadziriswa kwekudya uye kuchengetedzwa.
• Maindasitiri emvura ekurapa: Kandemake emakemakekari anopa akasiyana-siyana phosphate izvo zvinowanzoshandiswa pakurapwa kwemvura.

Iyo biocomputilation uye tunable Ph huwandu hwe Phosphathe Buffers Vaitei chishandiso chakakosha muminda yakawanda dzakasiyana. Zvakananga kusvinura uye Ph ye buffer ichasarudzwa zvichibva pane izvo zvinodiwa pakunyorwa.

Kutambudza phosphato buffer kugadzirira

Heano mamwe matambudziko akajairika akasangana kana achigadzirira Phosphathe Buffers uye maitiro ekugadzirisa ivo:

• PH haina kugadzikana:

  • Ita shuwa kuti ph meter yakadzivirirwa zvakanaka. Shandisa chitsva calibration Buffers uye tevera mirairo yemugadziri.
  • Ita shuwa munyu wakanyungudutswa zvachose. Gadzira mhinduro zvakakwana kusvikira pasina masisitimu akasimba anosara.
  • Shandisa yakakwirira-mhando, makemikari akachena. Kusvibiswa kunogona kukanganisa Ph uye kubhururuka kugona. Kand's makemikari anozvifunga pachech.
  • Tarisa uone kusvibiswa. Ita shuwa kuti girazi rako uye mvura yakachena uye isina kusvibiswa.
  • Wakawedzera zvese zvikamu here? Tarisa uone kuti ndizvozvo Misa kune zvese zvikamu.

• PH yakanyanya kukwirira kana yakaderera:

  • Tarisa-tarisa kuverenga kwako kuverenga. Ita chokwadi chekuti wakashandisa huwandu hwakaringana hwe Kh2po4 uye K2HPO4.
  • Gadzirisa iyo PH nokungwarira uchishandisa mhinduro dzesimba dze Kh2po4 (kudzikisa Ph) kana K2HPO4 (kusimudza Ph), kana kuti Dilute Chisni kana Koh sezvakatsanangurwa pamusoro.

• Fungidzira mafomu muBuffer:

  • Izvi zvinogona kuitika kana kushushikana kweiyo buffer yakanyanya. Edza kusvetuka buffer.
  • Mamwe ma phosphate saltts ane mashoma solubility. Ita shuwa kuti hausi kupfuura iyo solubility muganho we munyu Uri kushandisa.
  • Tembiricha inogona kukanganisa solubility. Vamwe Phosphate SalTs haina kunyanyoka kudzora kupisa.
  • Kusvibiswa. Ita shuwa wako CHEMICAL Reagents akasununguka kubva kusvibiswa, uye kuti iwe uri kushanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akasviba, wakasununguka kubva kunze kwezvinangwa.

• Haigoni kuwana yaunoda pH

  • Kana iwe wakatevera a protocol uye hausi kuzadzisa iyo yakataurwa pH, edza kutarisa Internet. ResearchGate ine nharaunda yakasimba yemasayendisiti iri kugovera zvavaiitika, uye iwe unogona kuwana Tsananguro. Kana mubvunzo nezve yako chaiyo phosphato buffer haina akabvunza, unogona rondedzera mubvunzo wako kune yakafanana.

Key Deaaroways

• Kh2po4 (Potsium Dihydrogen phosphate) uye K2HPO4 (dipotsium hydrogen phosphate) zvakakosha zvikamu zve Phosphathe Buffers.
• Kh2po4 iri acidic, nepo K2HPO4 yakakosha.
• The the ratio ye Kh2po4 uye K2HPO4 inosarudza iyo Ph ye buffer mhinduro.
• Phosphathe Buffers vanoshanda mu Ph huwandu hwe6,0 kusvika 8.0.
• Unogona gadzirira phosphato buffers uchishandisa Kh2po4 uye K2HPO4, kana negumi phosphoric acid (H3po4) ine chigadziko chakasimba.
• Chenjera Ph Kugadziriswa uye kugadzirisa matambudziko kwakakosha kuti ubudirire buffer kugadzirira.
• Kana vako vari kugadzirira buffer kubva H3po4 chegumi ne Koh kusvika mhinduro inosvika pane inodiwa pH.
• Kubva Kh2po4 kuti K2HPO4 Iwe uchafanira Wedzera Koh.
• Kune reverse, kushandiswa Chisni.

Iyi gwara yakazara inopa hwaro hwakasimba hwekunzwisisa uye kushandisa Phosphathe Buffers pabasa rako. Rangarira kugara uchibvunza chaiyo protocol uye nhungamiro dzekuchengetedza kune yako kuedza. Rombo rakanaka.