Potasiyumu ikora: igisubizo cya Eco-cyubusa cyo gusaba ibyifuzo byinganda

Potasiyumu hashyizweho igitangaza cya chimique gihinduranya ituje ituje mu bucece, uhereye ku kibuga cy'indege cyo gukusanya kugira ngo utegure amavuta yo mu nyanja. Uyu munyu uhuza na acide gakomeye gatanga isuku yimikorere minini ninshingano zishingiye ku bidukikije, bigatuma habaho amahitamo akundwa kubijyanye n'imiti gakondo. Iyi ngingo yirukana mwisi ya potasiyumu, ishakisha imitungo yayo yihariye, gusaba bitandukanye, nuruhare runini mu guteza imbere uburinzi bwibidukikije. Niba ushaka umunyabwenge, ufite umutekano, kandi mwinshi cyane imiti, gusobanukirwa inyungu za potasiyuri ni ngombwa.

Ni ubuhe buryonda potasiyumu kandi ni ubuhe buryo bw'ingenzi?

None, iki kigo cyingirakamaro ni ikihe? Potasiyumu, hamwe na chimique Chko₂, ni potasiyumu umunyu wa acide. Igaragara nkumweru, Crystalline ikomeye cyane gushonga mumazi. Iyi ndende Kudashoboka ni kimwe mu mfuruka yimitungo ikora potasiyumu Nibyiza cyane muri porogaramu nyinshi. Iyo yashonze mumazi, ikora amazi meza, adafite ibara azwi nka a potasiyumu brine cyangwa igisubizo. Iki gisubizo gifite ingingo nkeya cyane kandi hejuru ubucucike, ibiranga bibiri bikomeye kumikoreshereze ikomeye.

Imitungo ya potasiyumu nicyo cyabatandukanije. Bitandukanye n'ubwinyutsi rusange, ntabwo ari ruswa kubyuma nka steel na aluminium, ninyungu nini mumiterere yinganda. Byongeye kandi, ni biodeily biodegrafiya kandi ifite uburozi buke, umwanya potasiyumu Nkubundi bunyabuzima bwangiza ibidukikije kuri chloride ikaze. The potasiyumu yakoreshejwe Mu nyoni nyinshi kubera ubu buvange budasanzwe bwimico n'umutima. Imiterere ion Mu kigo kigira uruhare mu gutuza no gukora.

Dore reba byihuse kumiterere yingenzi:

Ibi bintu hamwe potasiyumu Guhitamo indashyikirwa kumafaranga menshi Inganda. Imiti yimiti nicyo gitangaza kigezweho.

Nigute potasisiyumu itobora gukoresha inganda?

Inganda synthesis ya potasiyumu ni inzira ya chimique igororotse yemeza isuku no guhuzagurika. Uburyo bukunze bukubiyemo imyitwarire yo kutabogama. Iyi myitwarire iri hagati acide (Hcooh) na potasiyumu base, nka potasiyumu hydroxide (Koh) cyangwa potasiyumu karubone (K₂co₃). Ryari acide react hamwe potasiyumu hydroxide, ibicuruzwa ni potasiyumu n'amazi. Nibisubizo bidasanzwe, bivuze ko irekura ubushyuhe, bugomba gucungwa neza muburyo bwinganda.

Ibigereranyo rusange bya chemique kubwibi synthesis ni:
Hcooh + koh → hcook + h₂o

Iyi nzira irakora neza kandi yemerera abakora kubyara potasiyumu Ibisubizo byo kwibanda hamwe nubucucike bwo guhura nabakiriya runaka. Ubwiza bwibikoresho fatizo-the acide na podesium inkomoko-ni ingenzi ku isuku yumukino wanyuma potasiyumu ibicuruzwa. Nyuma yo kubyitwaramo, ibisubizo Igisubizo gitangaje ya potasiyumu irashobora gukoreshwa nkamazi, cyangwa irashobora guhumeka kugirango itange neza, kristu ya imiti. Iyi mpinduka muri potasiyumu ikora umusaruro ituma ihuza Ibyiciro bitandukanye byinganda. Kugenzura witonze synthesis Ese ibyemerera kurema ubuziranenge potasiyumu.

Ni ukubera iki potasisiyumu ikora umukozi wo kwisumba cyane ugereranije numwobo gakondo?

Iyo habaye imbeho, kubika inzira, ibiraro, n'imihanda igaragara neza ni ikibazo cyumutekano no gukora neza. Mu myaka mirongo, ibisubizo byo kujya kubisubizo byabaye umunyu gakondo nka sodium ya chloride cyangwa chloride ya calcium. Ariko, aba bazana ibibi byingenzi, harimo no guhagarika ibinyabiziga n'ibikorwa remezo no kwangiza ibidukikije. Aha niho potasiyumu kumurika nkumusumbabyo Umukozi wo gufata. Uwiteka Gukoresha potasiyumu kuri Gufata yakuze cyane kubera akamaro kidasanzwe numwirondoro winshuti.

Potasiyumu Akazi vuba kandi kuri byinshi Ubushyuhe bwo hasi kuruta indaya zidasanzwe. An Igisubizo gitangaje ya potasiyumu Irashobora gukumira ice ice kumanuka kuri kidasanzwe -50 ° C (-58 ° F). Mechanism nayo iratandukanye; Isenya ubumwe hagati yurubura na kaburimbo, byoroshye guhindama guhindagurika hejuru. Kuberako atari bibi, iririnda ibikoresho byindege byindege, indege, hamwe nibikorwa remezo biva ku ngaruka zangiza umunyu. Ibi bikora potasiyumu Guhitamo neza mugihe kirekire.

Nanone, potasiyumu itanga inyungu zikomeye zishingiye ku bidukikije.

• Ibinyabuzima bishobora kwangirika: Isenya muburyo busanzwe mubintu bitagira ingaruka, birinda ubutaka bwigihe kirekire n'amazi bifitanye isano numwoku.
• Uburozi buke: Nibyiza ibimera inzira n'imihanda kandi ifite ingaruka nkeya mubuzima bwo mu mazi hagati imibiri y'amazi.
• Chride-Free: Ntabwo itangiza chloride ya chloride mubidukikije, irinda amazi y'ubutaka Ibikoresho.

Kubera izo mpamvu, potasiyumu Ubu ni Byatoranijwe Gufata guhitamo ibibuga byindege bikomeye kwisi. Itanga neza, imbaraga, kandi ihamirwa ibidukikije kuri de-urubura ubuso bukomeye.

Nigute PATAsisiyumu ikora nkibikorwa byo kwimura ubushyuhe bwinshi?

Mubikorwa byinshi byinganda, kuva gukora imiti kuri Gukonjesha kw'inganda Sisitemu, gucunga ubushyuhe ni ngombwa. Ibi bisaba kwihariye amazi, uzwi nka a Amazi yohereza ubushyuhe, kwimura ubushyuhe kuva ahantu hamwe ujya ahandi. Potasiyumu Ibisubizo ni amakono yisumbuye yisumbuye hamwe nubushyuhe bwohereza ubushyuhe kubera imitungo yabo myiza. A potasiyumu-Bishingiye amazi itanga ibyiza Ubushyuhe, kubikemerera gukurura no kurekura ubushyuhe neza.

Ibyiza byibanze byo gukoresha potasiyumu nka a Amazi yohereza ubushyuhe ni ahantu hakonje hakonje hamwe nubushyuhe buhebuje. Ibi byemerera sisitemu yo gukonjesha gukora byizewe kubushyuhe bwa zeru idafite ibyago bya amazi gukonjesha no kwangiza imiyoboro. Bitandukanye n'amazi ashingiye kuri Glycol, potasiyumu ni hejuru cyane, bisobanura ingufu nke zikoreshwa kugirango zikwirakwize amazi binyuze muri sisitemu. Ibi bisobanura muburyo butaziguye kandi bunoze imbaraga.

Byongeye kandi, imiterere itari karrosive ya potasiyumu ifasha gukomeza kuba inyangamugayo no kurambagizanya ibice bikonje, nka pisine, pompe, no guhanahana ubushyuhe. Umwirondoro wacyo winshuti ni undi ufite ubuhanga bwongeyeho, nkuko bimeneka cyangwa kumeneka ya Amazi yohereza ubushyuhe Shira ibyago byinshi mubidukikije ugereranije nibikorwa byinshi gakondo. Ikoreshwa rya a potasiyumu ikora amazi ni uguhitamo ubwenge kubikorwa bigezweho, birambye byinganda.

Niki gituma potasiyuri ifite agaciro cyane kuri peteroli na gaze?

Uwiteka inganda za peteroli na gaze Bikora muri bimwe mubidukikije byitoroshye kwisi, bisaba amazi yimikorere yo kwinezeza no kurangiza amariba. Potasiyumu yagaragaye nk'urufunguzo ongeraho na Bashi amazi Muri uru rwego, cyane cyane kubera kurema hejuru-injyana yubusa, injyana yubusa. Ibi potasiyumu Brines ikoreshwa nka a Gucukura amazi na a Amazi yo Kurangiza, gutanga inyungu nyinshi kuri sisitemu gakondo.

Muri Amavuta na gaze Isi, igenzura umuvuduko mubora ni umwanya munini. Hejuru ubucucike ya potasiyumu Ibisubizo bifasha kuringaniza igitutu cy'ubutaka ikigega, kubuza indabyo. Kuberako aya mazi ari ubuntu, bagabana Ibyangiritse-Ikibazo rusange aho ibice bikomeye biva kuri Gucukura amazi gufunga pore y'urutare, kugabanya imigezi ya Amavuta na gaze. Ukoresheje a potasiyumu ikora amazi ifasha kurinda umusaruro ntarengwa uva mu iriba. Ibi bikora potasiyumu agaciro gakomeye imiti.

Uwiteka kubuza gukomera imitungo ya potasiyumu nabyo biranemwa. Itesha agaciro Shale na Ibumba, ibabuza kubyimba no gusenyuka mu muriro mugihe Gucukura Ibikorwa. Uku gushikama ningirakamaro kugirango dutere imbere. Byongeye kandi, umwirondoro wibidukikije wa potasiyumu ni inyungu nini kuri inganda za peteroli na gaze, iri mu kongera igitutu kugabanya ibidukikije bidukikije. The potasiyumu ni Ibidukikije-Urubine Ibyo ni byoroshye bizima, bigatuma ihitamo inshingano zo hanze no gukora ibikorwa byoroshye ibidukikije. Ikoreshwa rya potasiyumu yateye imbere ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere.

Hashobora gushinga uburabyo birashobora gukoreshwa nkuzuzanya mu bikorwa byo gucukura?

Rwose. Mubyukuri, kimwe mubisabwa byingenzi potasiyumu muri inganda za peteroli na gaze ni nk'ibintu byinshi Amazi yo Kurangiza. A. Amazi yo Kurangiza ikoreshwa mugice cya nyuma cyubwubatsi bwiza, nyuma yo gucukura birangiye ariko mbere yuko umusaruro utangira. Intego yacyo ni ukugenzura igitutu neza mugihe utera kwangirika kwubutaka butanga umusaruro. Potasiyumu-Bisigaranye cyane muri uru ruhare.

Urufunguzo ni gutanga umusaruro mwinshi, Ubuntu amazi. A. potasiyumu ikora amazi yo kurangiza irashobora gushyirwaho neza ubucucike asabwa gucunga ikigega igitutu utaremereye kuburyo birangaza. Kamere yayo yubusa ni umutungo wacyo ukomeye hano; Iremeza ko inzira zamavuta na gaze zitemba neza zikomeza gufungura kandi zitemewe. Ibi biganisha ku musaruro mwiza kandi ugaruka cyane ku ishoramari ryo gucukura no kurangiza ibikorwa. The potasiyumu ifasha kugwiza umutungo.

Byongeye kandi, amavuta yicyubahiro ya potasiyumu Inyenzi zifasha mu kwiruka ibikoresho byo kurangiza neza. Kamere yayo itari ruswa irinda ibice bihenze byururaza neza kuva ku kwangirika mugihe runaka. Ukoresheje a potasiyumu ikora amazi yo kurangiza, abakora muri inganda za gaze Irashobora kuzamura imikorere myiza, kwagura ubuzima bwibikoresho byabo, kandi ugabanye ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije. The Gusaba potasiyumu Dore umukino. Iyi niyo mpamvu potasiyumu ikoreshwa cyane Kuri ibyo bisaba umuvuduko ukabije, ubushyuhe bwinshi.

Hariho ibindi byiciro byinganda bya potasiyumu.

Mugihe uruhare rwayo muri Gufata na Amavuta na gaze Umurenge uragaragara, guhuza potasiyumu Kugera kuri byinshi Inganda Zinyuranye Porogaramu. Umutungo wacyo wihariye utuma ufite agaciro ongeraho n'ibigize ahantu hamwe n'ibicuruzwa bitandukanye. Akamaro kanini potasiyumu ashimangira akamaro kayo nkimiti yinganda.

Bimwe muribi bindi bisabwa birimo:

• Kwihuta: Mu kubaka, potasiyumu Irashobora gukoreshwa nkumwanya wo kwihuta kuri beto, cyane cyane mubihe bikonje. Ifasha kubigeraho Imbaraga zo hambere udatanze chloride yinzoka ishobora kwangiza ibyuma.
• Umutezi w'impu: Potasiyumu ikoreshwa mu nganda zuruhu nkumukozi ushinzwena, gufasha kubyara ibicuruzwa byoroshye kandi biramba.
• Kugabanya Agent: Muri Synthesis, potasiyumu irashobora gukora nka a Kugabanya umukozi Mubyifuzo bimwe, gutanga electron kugirango byorohereze impinduka zindi miti. Ikora kandi nk'isoko ya ion ikora.
• Ifumbire ya potasiyumu: Nkisoko ya potasiyumu, intungamubiri zingenzi kubimera, potasiyumu irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mumazi yihariye ifumbire ibicuruzwa. Ibi ifumbire ya potasiyumu ni byiza cyane.
• Umusaruro w'icyuma: Potasiyumu ni intangiriro muri Umusaruro w'icyuma cya potasiyumu binyuze muri electrolysis ya ashon umunyu. Iyi ni inzira yihariye ariko yingenzi.

Ubushakashatsi bukomeje potasiyumu yerekana ko urutonde rwa porogaramu rushobora gukomeza gukura. Nkuko inganda zishakisha ibintu byiza, bifite umutekano, hamwe na greener, icyifuzo potasiyumu hashobora kubaho kwiyongera.

Indabyo zandasiyuri nibyiza ko kurengera ibidukikije?

Ikiganiro kigana imiti yinganda uyumunsi yibanze cyane kubungamba kandi kurengera ibidukikije. Ni muri urwo rwego, potasiyumu hashyizweho inyungu zidasanzwe. Ugereranije n'imiti myinshi isanzwe, cyane cyane umunyu ushingiye ku munyururu, potasiyumu irerekana ingaruka nkeya mubidukikije. Uku kwiyemeza kuri kurengera ibidukikije ni umushoferi wingenzi wo kurera.

Inyungu z'ibanze zishingiye ku bidukikije potasiyumu niwo bikosowe byayo byihuse. Iyo yarekuwe mu bidukikije, mikorobe mu butaka n'amazi ahitana amazi, dioxyde de carbon, na potassiyumu. Ubusanzwe gutesha agaciro uburabyo irinda kubaka igihe kirekire ibintu byangiza. Ibinyuranye, chloride kuva munda nka sodium ya chloride irashobora gutsimbarara mubidukikije, kugirira nabi ibimera no kwanduza amazi y'ubutaka. Ibi bikora potasiyumu uwatsinze neza kubisabwa nka Gufata, aho imiti yekuwe nkana ibidukikije.

Byongeye kandi, uburozi buke bwo mubuzima bwo mumazi, ibimera, ninyamaswa bituma habaho guhitamo umutekano. Kumeneka cyangwa gutemba potasiyumu Ibisubizo bifite ingaruka ntoya kuri ecosystemsstemsstemsstems. Muri inganda za peteroli na gaze, ukoresheje an Igishushanyo mbonera cy'inshuti no gucukura amazi nka potasiyumu Ifasha ibigo byujuje amabwiriza agenga ibidukikije kandi byerekana inshingano rusange. Guhitamo a imiti nka potasiyumu ni intambwe iteweho iganisha kubikorwa birambye byinganda.

Ni ubuhe buryo bw'umutekano no gukemura kuri potasiyumu.

Mugihe potasiyumu bifatwa nkinshuti zizewe kandi bidukikije, biracyari imiti ingana kandi igomba gukemurwa no kwitaho bikwiye. Gukurikiza protocole yumutekano ni ngombwa kurinda abakozi no kureba imikorere irya neza. Muri rusange, potasiyumu ni uburozi no kudatera uburakari, ariko nkumuti uwo ariwo wose, nibyiza kugabanya umubano utaziguye.

Mugihe ukemura neza potasiyumu, abakozi bagomba kwambara ibikoresho birinda umuntu (PPE), harimo uturindantoki, ibirahuri byumutekano, hamwe na masike yumukungugu, kugirango wirinde guhumeka ifu nuruhu. Nubwo bidasubirwaho cyane, bigomba kubikwa ahantu hakonje, kwumye kure yabakozi bakomeye. Kuri potasium yamazi Ibisubizo, ingamba nkizo zikoreshwa kugirango wirinde amasuka kumaso cyangwa uruhu. Ibikoresho birahagaze mubihe bisanzwe.

Kimwe mubyiza byumutekano wa potasiyumu ni kamere idahwitse. Ibi bigabanya ingaruka zumuriro mububiko no gusaba, cyane cyane iyo ugereranije amazi ashingiye ku bushyuhe ashingiye ku bushyuhe. Muri rusange, uburyo bwo gutunganya potasiyumu ni igororotse, kandi umwirondoro wacyo mwiza nindi mpamvu yo gukundwa kwayo inganda zitandukanye. Ibigo Bikoresha potasiyumu Shimira ibisabwa byigenga. Ibi bikora potasiyumu yakoreshejwe Hirya n'imirenge myinshi amahitamo afatika.

Nigute wahitamo potasiyumu yizewe?

Guhitamo uwutanga uburenganzira ningirakamaro nko guhitamo imiti iboneye. Kubicuruzwa nka potasiyumu, aho kwezwa no guhuzagurika ni urufunguzo rwo gukora, gufatanya nuwabikoze uzwi ni ngombwa. Utanga isoko yizewe ntashobora gutanga ibicuruzwa gusa, ahubwo binashyigikira tekiniki, ubuziranenge, hamwe numunyururu uhamye. Iyo uhiga imiti, tekereza kubitanga bashobora gutanga indi miti ifitanye isano, nka Ammonium ikora cyangwa n'unyunyundi itandukanye nka Magnesium sulfate, nkuko ibi bikunze kwerekana ubuhanga bwagutse mubikorwa byimiti.

Shakisha utanga isoko hamwe nuburyo bukomeye bwo kugenzura, ninde ushobora gutanga icyemezo cyisesengura (COA) hamwe na buri komite, ibisobanuro birambuye ubuziranenge, ubucucike, nibindi bisobanuro byingenzi bya potasiyumu. Uburambe mu nganda nabyo ni ngombwa; Utanga isoko wumva naison ya porogaramu nka Gucukura-ubucucike amazi cyangwa ikibuga cyindege Gufata irashobora gutanga ubushishozi. Ubushobozi bwabo bwo gutanga potasiyumu Muburyo busabwa - buko bukomeye cyangwa kwibanda cyane-kandi mubipfunyika byiza nabyo ni ngombwa ko guhuza ibintu bidafite ishingiro mubikorwa byawe.

Hanyuma, tekereza ku bwiyegurira abatanga serivisi zabakiriya kandi kurengera ibidukikije. Umufatanyabikorwa mwiza azitabira, mucyo, kandi akora muburyo bushinzwe ibidukikije. Urunigi rukomeye rutuma wakira ibyawe potasiyumu Ku gihe, buri gihe, kubuza gutinda bihenze mumishinga yawe. The potasiyumu ikora ni imiti ibyo bisaba amahame yo hejuru kubatanga.

ABAFATANYIJE

Potasiyumu ni ibintu byinshi bitandukanye kandi bifite agaciro imiti hamwe nigihe kizaza munganda nyinshi. Ubusanzwe guhuza imikorere ninshingano y'ibidukikije bivuga igisubizo cyiza kubibazo bigezweho.

• Imikorere myinshi: Potasiyumu kuba indashyikirwa nka a Umukozi wo gufata, a Amazi yohereza ubushyuhe, na a Gucukura no Kurangiza Blud Bitewe n'ingingo yo gukonjesha, hejuru ubucucike, hamwe na kamere idakaze.
• Ishuti Ishuti: Nibisanzwe bizima kandi bifite uburozi buke, kubigira ubundi buryo bwo hejuru bwumunyu wa chlode gakondo no kurinda ubutaka n'amazi.
• Porogaramu zitandukanye: Kurenga akamaro kayo, potasiyumu ni ingirakamaro mu kubaka, gutwika uruhu, Synthesis, ndetse n'ikintu kidasanzwe ifumbire ya potasiyumu.
• Umushoferi w'inganda: Muri inganda za peteroli na gaze, potasiyumu-Bihindagurika Kugabanya Ibyangiritse no kunoza umusaruro mwiza, kubigira ngombwa Ibikoresho bya shimi mumusaruro inzira.
• Umutekano kandi ufatika: Hamwe nibisabwa byoroshye hamwe numwirondoro ukomeye wumutekano, potasiyumu ni amahitamo afatika kandi yizewe afite urwego runini rwa Ibyiciro bitandukanye byinganda. Uwiteka Gukoresha potasiyumu ni ishoramari ryiza, rirambye.