Kh2po4 na K2HPO4: Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro ryingenzi muri FOSCHATE

Iyi ngingo isobanura itandukaniro riri hagati ya Kh2po4 (PATATIMUMUMUMOD FOSPHANE) na K2HPO4 (dipotassium hydrogen fosphan), ibice bibiri bihuriweho na Flowhate Buffer ibisubizo. Tuzasenya imitungo yabo yimiti, uko ikora muri buffers, nuburyo bwo guhitamo icyerekezo kubyo ukeneye. Waba umushakashatsi wibanze cyangwa ugatangira gusa muri laboratoire, umva itandukaniro ni ngombwa kubisubizo byubushakashatsi. Iyi ni a Ugomba-Gusoma Kubantu bose bakorana nibisubizo bya buffer muri biologiya, chimie, cyangwa imirima ifitanye isano.

Buffer ya fosifuni niyihe? Ibisobanuro

A buffer Igisubizo nicyo gikoresho gikomeye mubushakashatsi bwinshi. Akazi kayo nyamukuru ni ukunanira impinduka muri ph Iyo umubare muto wa aside cyangwa shingiro ni wongeyeho. Ibi ni ngombwa kuko ibintu byinshi bya shimi, cyane cyane ibya muri sisitemu yibinyabuzima, byunamye cyane kuri PH impinduka.

Yamazaki, byumwihariko, birakoreshwa cyane kuko babishoboye buffer hejuru ya PH indangagaciro kandi bihuye na sisitemu nyinshi yibinyabuzima. Bakozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye bwa Yamazaki, molekile ikubiyemo fosishorus na ogisijeni. Bisanzwe Yamazaki imbaraga bikubiyemo uruvange rwa Kh2po4 (potasiyumu diydrogen forkhate) na K2hpo4 (dipotassiyumu hydrogen fosphate). Ikigereranyo cyihariye cyibi bice byombi kigena finale ph ya buffer.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya Kh2po4 na K2PO4?

Urufunguzo itandukaniro hagati Kh2po4 na K2hpo4 Kubeshya mu mubare wa hydrogen (H) atome bikubiyemo.

• Kh2po4 . POTASSIM. Ifite bibiri hydrogen atome. Iyo yashonze mumazi, ikora nkintege nke aside, gutanga proton (h +) kuri igisubizo.

• K2hpo4 (Dipotasini hydrogen fosphate): Iki kigo kizwi kandi nka dibasic POTASSIM. Ifite imwe gusa hydrogen ATOM. Iyo gushonga mumazi, bikora nkibice bifite intege nke, byemera proton (H +) kuva kuri igisubizo.

Ibi birambuye cyane mumiterere yimiti biganisha ku itandukaniro rikomeye mumyitwarire yabo mubisubizo. Kh2po4 bigira uruhare mubintu bya acide ya buffer, mugihe K2hpo4 bigira uruhare mu shingiro (cyangwa alkaline) imiterere.

Nigute Kh2po4 na K2O4 bakorana mubisubizo bya buffer?

Kh2po4 na K2hpo4 kora hamwe nka aside hamwe na acide-base kugirango ukore a Yamazaki. Ibisubizo biringaniye birashobora guhagararirwa nkibi bikurikira:

H2PO4- (AQ) + H2O (L) ⇌ HPO42- (AQ) + H3O + (AQ)

• Kh2po4 itanga H2PO4- (diydrogen forkhate) ion.
• K2hpo4 itanga HPO42- (hydrogen fosphate) ion.

Iyo umubare muto wa aside (H +) ni wongeyeho Kuri buffer, HPO42- ion yiboneye na aside, ihindura uburinganire ibumoso hanyuma ugabanye impinduka muri ph. Iyo umubare muto wa shingiro (Oh-) ni wongeyeho, H2PO4- Intu Itwara hamwe na Shingiro, ihindura uburinganire iburyo nongera kugabanya impinduka muri ph. Ubu bushobozi bwo kurwanya ph impinduka nicyo gitera a buffer ingirakamaro cyane. Ikigereranyo kizakora ongeraho ku ngaruka.

Nigute wategura igisubizo cya fosifate buffer hamwe na KH2PO4 na K2PO4?

Kuri tegura a Yamazaki Igisubizo, uzakenera:

1. Kh2po4 (potasiyumu diydrogan)
2. K2hpo4 (dipotassiyumu hydrogen fosphate)
3. Amazi yatoboye
4. Meter
5. Beakers n'ibikoresho bikangurira

Dore uburyo rusange (burigihe ugisha inama yihariye protocole kubyo wifuza ph na kwibanda):

1. Menya PH hamwe na Ph na Wibanda kuri buffer yawe. Kurugero, urashobora gushaka 0.1m Yamazaki Kuri Ph 7.2.

2. Kubara ingano ya KH2PO4 na K2PO4 birakenewe. Urashobora gukoresha Henderson-Hasselbalch ikigereranyo cyangwa kumurongo buffer kubara kugirango umenye ukuri Ikigereranyo y'ibice byombi. Ikigereranyo cya Henderson-HasselSon ni:
   PH = PKA + LOG ([HPO42 -] / [H2PO4-])
   Aho PKA ihora ifitanye isano na Yamazaki ion (hafi 7.2 kugirango duhindurwe kwa kabiri kwa fosishoric aside).

3. Kubara moles ya KH2PO4 na K2HPO4 muri buffer, hanyuma ongeraho uburemere bwimisozi ya hamwe kandi buzakubwira ingano ya gram nyinshi kongera kuri igisubizo.

4. Gushonga imbaga yabazwe ya Kh2po4 na K2hpo4 mu bwinshi bw'amazi yatoboye munsi gato ugereranije na nyuma ingano. Kurugero, niba ushaka litiro 1 ya buffer, tangira hamwe na 800 ml y'amazi.

5. Kangura igisubizo kugeza umunyu washeshwe rwose.

6. Koresha phi Meter kugirango upime PH yumuti.

7. Nibiba ngombwa, hindura PH wongeyeho igisubizo gito cyibikorwa bya KH2PO4 (kugirango ugabanye PH) cyangwa K2HPO4 (kuzamura PH).

8. Iyo PH yifuzaga imaze kuboneka, ongeraho amazi yatoboye kugirango uzane igisubizo cyijwi ryanyuma.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwa PH ya FOSTHhare?

Yamazaki birakora neza muri ph intera hafi 6.0 kugeza 8.0. Ni ukubera ko PKA ya hydrogen fosphate/ indabyo Yamazaki Kuringaniza ni 7.2. The ubushobozi buke ni hejuru iyo ph ni hafi yagaciro PKA. Nubwo ari byiza cyane kuri 7.2 Birashobora buffer kurwego rwindangagaciro, harimo gato alkaline 7.4.

Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko ari ingirakamaro buffer intera irashobora kwagurwa gato bitewe no kwihanganira kwemerwa kuri ph impinduka muburyo runaka. A Yamazaki irashobora gutanga bimwe buffer ubushobozi hanze yuru rwego, ariko ntibizagira akamaro mu kurwanya ph impinduka. The Yamazaki intera nibyiza kubisabwa byinshi biboneka.

Nigute nahitamo hagati ya Kh2po4 na K2Opo4 kubwikigeragezo cyanjye?

Guhitamo hagati yo gukoresha Kh2po4 cyangwa K2hpo4 wenyine, cyangwa uhuza, biterwa rwose kubifuzwa ph Byawe igisubizo.

• Niba ukeneye acide igisubizo, wakoresha cyane cyane Kh2po4.
• Niba ukeneye shingiro cyangwa alkaline igisubizo, wakoresha cyane cyane K2hpo4.
• Niba ukeneye kutabogama cyangwa hafi-kutabogama ph, uzakenera gukoresha a kuvanga byombi Kh2po4 na K2hpo4 kurema a buffer. Neza Ikigereranyo ya bibiri bizaterwa na yihariye ph Uragerageza kubigeraho.

Ntibisanzwe gukoresha kimwe gusa muribi bigize mubushakashatsi. Kenshi, uba ufite intego yo gukora a buffer Igisubizo cyo Guhungabanya ph y'imyitwarire cyangwa igisubizo.

Nshobora gukoresha aside fosiforic (H3PO4) kugirango mpindefore ya fosifate?

Nibyo, urashobora gukoresha aside fosiforic (H3PO4) kuri tegura a Yamazaki. Ariko, aside fosiforic ni ingendo aside, bivuze ko ifite hydrogen eshatu za Hyam. Ibi biganisha ku ntambwe eshatu zitandukanye, buri kimwe hamwe nagaciro kayo Pka:

1. H3PO4 ⇌ H + + H2PO4- (PKA1 ≈ 2.15)
2. H2PO4- ⇌ h + + hpo42- (PKA2 ≈ 7.20)
3. HPO42- ⇌ H + + PO43- (PKA3 ≈ 12.35)

Gukora a buffer Gukoresha H3PO4, wabisanzwe ongeraho ishingiro rikomeye, nka Koh (potasiyumu hydroxide) cyangwa sodium hydroxide (naoh), kugirango atanduza igice aside no gukora icyifuzo Ikigereranyo ya Yamazaki Ubwoko. Kurugero, gukora a buffer hirya no hino ph 7, wabikora ongeraho Ishingiro rihagije kugirango tugere ku ntambwe ya kabiri yo gusebanya, kurema imvange ya H2PO4- na HPO42-. The buffer zone kuri aside fosiforic agera kuri rubanda nyinshi.

Gukoresha H3PO4 irashobora kuba bigoye kuruta gukoresha Kh2po4 na K2hpo4 mu buryo butaziguye, nkuko ukeneye kugenzura witonze umubare wibanze wongeyeho Kugera kubyo wifuza ph. Ariko, birashobora kuba inzira yingirakamaro niba ufite gusa aside fosiforic kuboneka, cyangwa gushaka gukora a igisubizo hamwe no hejuru Imbaraga za Ionic.

Kuki KH2PO4 ari aside na K2PO4 ni shingiro?

Acidity ya Kh2po4 n'ibanze ya K2hpo4 Bifitanye isano ninzego zabo imiti nuburyo bakorana namazi.

• Kh2po4 (potasiyumu diydrogen forkhate): Ryari Kh2po4 Gushonga mumazi, bitandukanya K + ion na H2po4- ions. The diydrogen forkhate ion (H2PO4-) irashobora gukora nk'intege nke aside, gutanga proton (h +) kumazi:
  H2PO4- + H2O ⇌ HPO42- + H3O +
  Imiterere ya H3O + (Hydronium Ions) yongera Uwiteka aside kwibanda muri igisubizo, kora acide.

• K2HPO4 (Dipotasim Hydrogen fosphate): Ryari K2hpo4 gushonga mumazi, bitandukanya muri 2k + ion na hpo4- ions. The hydrogen fosphate ion (HPO42-) irashobora gukora nkishingiro rikomeye, yemera proton (H +) kuva mumazi:
  HPO42- + H2O ⇌ H2PO4- + OH-
  Imiterere ya Oh- (hydroxide ions) yongera ishingiro kwibanda muri igisubizo, kubikora byibanze cyangwa alkaline.

Nigute ushobora guhindura PH ya fosifer ya fosifate?

Guhindura ph ya Yamazaki ni rusange tekinike muri laboratoire. Dore uko wabikora:

1. Gupima PH itari yo: Koresha metero ya Alibted Ph kugirango upime neza ph Byawe buffer igisubizo.
2. Fata icyerekezo cyo guhindura: Menya niba ukeneye kongera cyangwa kugabanya ph.
3. Ongeraho igisubizo gikwiye:
   • Kumanura PH (kora acide nyinshi): Buhoro ongeraho dilute igisubizo ya Kh2po4 cyangwa dilute igisubizo Byakomeye aside nka HCL (Hydrochloric aside), mugihe ukomeza gukurikirana Uwiteka ph hamwe na phi Meter.
   • Kuzamura PH (kora byinshi byibanze / alkaline): Buhoro ongeraho dilute igisubizo ya K2hpo4 cyangwa dilute igisubizo y'ikigo gikomeye nka Koh (potasiyumu hydroxide) cyangwa naoh (sodium hydroxide), mugihe ukomeza gukurikirana Uwiteka ph hamwe na phi Meter.
4. Kuvanga neza: Menya neza igisubizo ni byiza bivanze nyuma yinyongera.
5. Hagarara mugihe PH yifuzwa igerwaho: Komeza wongere Guhindura igisubizo Muburyo bwo kwiyongera kugeza PH Meter asoma ibyifuzo ph agaciro. Witondere kudakwiye.

Icyitonderwa cyingenzi: Burigihe ongeraho Guhindura igisubizo Buhoro buhoro kandi mu buryo buke, mugihe ukomeje kubyutsa no gukurikirana Uwiteka ph. Ibi birinda cyane ph impinduka no kureba buffer ikomeza ubushobozi buke. Urashobora kuvuga Kand Amashanyarazi ya Kand Acetate Inyandiko zo kuvanga imikorere myiza ifite imiti isa.

Ni ubuhe buryo bumwe bwo gukoresha ibikoresho bya fosifari?

Yamazaki ni bitandukanye bidasanzwe kandi bikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye, harimo:

• Ubushakashatsi bwibinyabuzima: Kubungabunga ph y'imico y'ingirabuzimafatizo, poroteyine ibisubizo, na enzyme reaction. Igisubizo, kurugero, ni Yamazaki salfer.
• Ibinyabuzima bya molecular: ADN na RNA Gukuramo, electrophores, nibindi molekale biologiya tekinike.
• Ibinyabuzima: Kwiga Enzyme Kinetics, poroteyine kwezwa, n'ibindi binyabuzima.
• Chimie: Nka a buffer mubyiciro byimiti.
• Inganda za farumasi: Gutegura ibiyobyabwenge n'imiti.
• Inganda zibiribwa: Kugenzura ph mu gutunganya ibiryo no kubungabunga ibiryo.
• Inganda zamazi: Imiti ya KANS itanga fosike zitandukanye ibyo bikoreshwa kenshi mu kuvura amazi.

BiocompaTubitekerezo no Guhuza ph urwego Yamazaki Gira igikoresho cyingenzi mumirima myinshi itandukanye. Umwihariko kwibanda na ph ya buffer izatorwa ishingiye kubisabwa gusaba byihariye.

Gukemura ibibazo bya fosifate buffer

Dore ibibazo bimwe bisanzwe byahuye nabyo mugihe witegura Yamazaki nuburyo bwo kubikemura:

• PH ntabwo ihamye:

  • Menya neza ko Meter yawe ya PH ihinduka neza. Koresha Calibration nshya buffers hanyuma ukurikize amabwiriza yabakozwe.
  • Menya neza ko umunyu urashonga rwose. Kangura igisubizo Kugumaho neza kugeza nta bice bikomeye bigumaho.
  • Koresha ubuziranenge, imiti yera. Umwanda urashobora kugira ingaruka kuri ph na ubushobozi buke. Imiti ya Kand yishimye kuri kurera.
  • Reba kwanduza. Menya neza ko hari ibirahuo n'amazi bifite isuku kandi bidafite impumurwa.
  • Wongeyeho ibice byose? Reba kugirango urebe ko ari ukuri misa kubice byose.

• PH ni hejuru cyane cyangwa hasi cyane:

  • Kugenzura kabiri. Menya neza ko wakoresheje amafaranga akwiye ya Kh2po4 na K2hpo4.
  • Hindura ph witonze ukoresheje ibisubizo bya dilute bya Kh2po4 (kumanuka ph) cyangwa K2hpo4 (kurera ph), cyangwa dilute HCL cyangwa Koh nkuko byasobanuwe haruguru.

• Inzitirire MUBUNTU:

  • Ibi birashobora kubaho mugihe kwibanda kuri buffer ari hejuru cyane. Gerageza ugabanye buffer.
  • Umunyu runaka wa fosifate ufite ibibazo bike. Menya neza ko utarenze imipaka yo kwishyurwa Umunyu ukoresha.
  • Ubushyuhe burashobora kugira ingaruka ku buke. Bimwe Yamazaki Umunyu ntirushonga ubushyuhe bwo hasi.
  • Kwanduza. Menya neza ibyawe imiti Reagents idafite umwanda, kandi ko ukora mubihe bitoroshye, bitarimo umwanda hanze.

• Ntishobora kubona ph

  • Niba warakurikiranye a protocole kandi ntabwo ugera kuri PH yavuzwe, gerageza urebye kuri interineti. Ubushakashatsi Afite umuryango ukomeye wabahanga basangira ibyababayeho, kandi ushobora gusanga an Ibisobanuro. Niba ikibazo kijyanye na fosifari yihariye ya fosifari ntabwo yabaye yabajijwe, urashobora vuga ikibazo cyawe kuri kimwe gisa.

ABAFATANYIJE

• Kh2po4 (potasiyumu diydrogen forkhate) na K2hpo4 (dipotassiyumu hydrogen fosphate) nibigize byinshi byingenzi bya Yamazaki.
• Kh2po4 ni acide, mugihe K2hpo4 ni shingiro.
• Uwiteka Ikigereranyo ya Kh2po4 na K2hpo4 Kugena Uwiteka ph ya buffer igisubizo.
• Yamazaki ni ingirakamaro muri ph intera ya 6.0 kugeza 8.0.
• Urashobora Tegura buffers ya fotophate Gukoresha Kh2po4 na K2hpo4, cyangwa muri titating aside fosiforic (H3PO4) hamwe nishingiro rikomeye.
• Witonde ph Guhindura no gukemura ibibazo ni ngombwa kugirango utsinde buffer kwitegura.
• Niba utegura buffer kuva H3PO4 titrate Koh kugeza igisubizo igera kuri PH.
• Kujya Kh2po4 Kuri K2hpo4 uzakenera Ongeramo Koh.
• Kuri rever, koresha HCL.

Iki gitabo cyuzuye gitanga urufatiro rukomeye rwo gusobanukirwa no gukoresha Yamazaki mu kazi kawe. Wibuke guhora ugisha inama protocole yihariye nubuyobozi bwumutekano kubushakashatsi bwawe. Amahirwe masa.